Visualization Library 2.0.0-b5

A lightweight C++ OpenGL middleware for 2D/3D graphics

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example.c
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1 /*
2  * example.c
3  *
4  * This file illustrates how to use the IJG code as a subroutine library
5  * to read or write JPEG image files. You should look at this code in
6  * conjunction with the documentation file libjpeg.doc.
7  *
8  * This code will not do anything useful as-is, but it may be helpful as a
9  * skeleton for constructing routines that call the JPEG library.
10  *
11  * We present these routines in the same coding style used in the JPEG code
12  * (ANSI function definitions, etc); but you are of course free to code your
13  * routines in a different style if you prefer.
14  */
15 
16 #include <stdio.h>
17 
18 /*
19  * Include file for users of JPEG library.
20  * You will need to have included system headers that define at least
21  * the typedefs FILE and size_t before you can include jpeglib.h.
22  * (stdio.h is sufficient on ANSI-conforming systems.)
23  * You may also wish to include "jerror.h".
24  */
25 
26 #include "jpeglib.h"
27 
28 /*
29  * <setjmp.h> is used for the optional error recovery mechanism shown in
30  * the second part of the example.
31  */
32 
33 #include <setjmp.h>
34 
35 
36 
37 /******************** JPEG COMPRESSION SAMPLE INTERFACE *******************/
38 
39 /* This half of the example shows how to feed data into the JPEG compressor.
40  * We present a minimal version that does not worry about refinements such
41  * as error recovery (the JPEG code will just exit() if it gets an error).
42  */
43 
44 
45 /*
46  * IMAGE DATA FORMATS:
47  *
48  * The standard input image format is a rectangular array of pixels, with
49  * each pixel having the same number of "component" values (color channels).
50  * Each pixel row is an array of JSAMPLEs (which typically are unsigned chars).
51  * If you are working with color data, then the color values for each pixel
52  * must be adjacent in the row; for example, R,G,B,R,G,B,R,G,B,... for 24-bit
53  * RGB color.
54  *
55  * For this example, we'll assume that this data structure matches the way
56  * our application has stored the image in memory, so we can just pass a
57  * pointer to our image buffer. In particular, let's say that the image is
58  * RGB color and is described by:
59  */
60 
61 extern JSAMPLE * image_buffer; /* Points to large array of R,G,B-order data */
62 extern int image_height; /* Number of rows in image */
63 extern int image_width; /* Number of columns in image */
64 
65 
66 /*
67  * Sample routine for JPEG compression. We assume that the target file name
68  * and a compression quality factor are passed in.
69  */
70 
71 GLOBAL(void)
73 {
74  /* This struct contains the JPEG compression parameters and pointers to
75  * working space (which is allocated as needed by the JPEG library).
76  * It is possible to have several such structures, representing multiple
77  * compression/decompression processes, in existence at once. We refer
78  * to any one struct (and its associated working data) as a "JPEG object".
79  */
80  struct jpeg_compress_struct cinfo;
81  /* This struct represents a JPEG error handler. It is declared separately
82  * because applications often want to supply a specialized error handler
83  * (see the second half of this file for an example). But here we just
84  * take the easy way out and use the standard error handler, which will
85  * print a message on stderr and call exit() if compression fails.
86  * Note that this struct must live as long as the main JPEG parameter
87  * struct, to avoid dangling-pointer problems.
88  */
89  struct jpeg_error_mgr jerr;
90  /* More stuff */
91  FILE * outfile; /* target file */
92  JSAMPROW row_pointer[1]; /* pointer to JSAMPLE row[s] */
93  int row_stride; /* physical row width in image buffer */
94 
95  /* Step 1: allocate and initialize JPEG compression object */
96 
97  /* We have to set up the error handler first, in case the initialization
98  * step fails. (Unlikely, but it could happen if you are out of memory.)
99  * This routine fills in the contents of struct jerr, and returns jerr's
100  * address which we place into the link field in cinfo.
101  */
102  cinfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&jerr);
103  /* Now we can initialize the JPEG compression object. */
104  jpeg_create_compress(&cinfo);
105 
106  /* Step 2: specify data destination (eg, a file) */
107  /* Note: steps 2 and 3 can be done in either order. */
108 
109  /* Here we use the library-supplied code to send compressed data to a
110  * stdio stream. You can also write your own code to do something else.
111  * VERY IMPORTANT: use "b" option to fopen() if you are on a machine that
112  * requires it in order to write binary files.
113  */
114  if ((outfile = fopen(filename, "wb")) == NULL) {
115  fprintf(stderr, "can't open %s\n", filename);
116  exit(1);
117  }
118  jpeg_stdio_dest(&cinfo, outfile);
119 
120  /* Step 3: set parameters for compression */
121 
122  /* First we supply a description of the input image.
123  * Four fields of the cinfo struct must be filled in:
124  */
125  cinfo.image_width = image_width; /* image width and height, in pixels */
126  cinfo.image_height = image_height;
127  cinfo.input_components = 3; /* # of color components per pixel */
128  cinfo.in_color_space = JCS_RGB; /* colorspace of input image */
129  /* Now use the library's routine to set default compression parameters.
130  * (You must set at least cinfo.in_color_space before calling this,
131  * since the defaults depend on the source color space.)
132  */
133  jpeg_set_defaults(&cinfo);
134  /* Now you can set any non-default parameters you wish to.
135  * Here we just illustrate the use of quality (quantization table) scaling:
136  */
137  jpeg_set_quality(&cinfo, quality, TRUE /* limit to baseline-JPEG values */);
138 
139  /* Step 4: Start compressor */
140 
141  /* TRUE ensures that we will write a complete interchange-JPEG file.
142  * Pass TRUE unless you are very sure of what you're doing.
143  */
144  jpeg_start_compress(&cinfo, TRUE);
145 
146  /* Step 5: while (scan lines remain to be written) */
147  /* jpeg_write_scanlines(...); */
148 
149  /* Here we use the library's state variable cinfo.next_scanline as the
150  * loop counter, so that we don't have to keep track ourselves.
151  * To keep things simple, we pass one scanline per call; you can pass
152  * more if you wish, though.
153  */
154  row_stride = image_width * 3; /* JSAMPLEs per row in image_buffer */
155 
156  while (cinfo.next_scanline < cinfo.image_height) {
157  /* jpeg_write_scanlines expects an array of pointers to scanlines.
158  * Here the array is only one element long, but you could pass
159  * more than one scanline at a time if that's more convenient.
160  */
161  row_pointer[0] = & image_buffer[cinfo.next_scanline * row_stride];
162  (void) jpeg_write_scanlines(&cinfo, row_pointer, 1);
163  }
164 
165  /* Step 6: Finish compression */
166 
167  jpeg_finish_compress(&cinfo);
168  /* After finish_compress, we can close the output file. */
169  fclose(outfile);
170 
171  /* Step 7: release JPEG compression object */
172 
173  /* This is an important step since it will release a good deal of memory. */
174  jpeg_destroy_compress(&cinfo);
175 
176  /* And we're done! */
177 }
178 
179 
180 /*
181  * SOME FINE POINTS:
182  *
183  * In the above loop, we ignored the return value of jpeg_write_scanlines,
184  * which is the number of scanlines actually written. We could get away
185  * with this because we were only relying on the value of cinfo.next_scanline,
186  * which will be incremented correctly. If you maintain additional loop
187  * variables then you should be careful to increment them properly.
188  * Actually, for output to a stdio stream you needn't worry, because
189  * then jpeg_write_scanlines will write all the lines passed (or else exit
190  * with a fatal error). Partial writes can only occur if you use a data
191  * destination module that can demand suspension of the compressor.
192  * (If you don't know what that's for, you don't need it.)
193  *
194  * If the compressor requires full-image buffers (for entropy-coding
195  * optimization or a multi-scan JPEG file), it will create temporary
196  * files for anything that doesn't fit within the maximum-memory setting.
197  * (Note that temp files are NOT needed if you use the default parameters.)
198  * On some systems you may need to set up a signal handler to ensure that
199  * temporary files are deleted if the program is interrupted. See libjpeg.doc.
200  *
201  * Scanlines MUST be supplied in top-to-bottom order if you want your JPEG
202  * files to be compatible with everyone else's. If you cannot readily read
203  * your data in that order, you'll need an intermediate array to hold the
204  * image. See rdtarga.c or rdbmp.c for examples of handling bottom-to-top
205  * source data using the JPEG code's internal virtual-array mechanisms.
206  */
207 
208 
209 
210 /******************** JPEG DECOMPRESSION SAMPLE INTERFACE *******************/
211 
212 /* This half of the example shows how to read data from the JPEG decompressor.
213  * It's a bit more refined than the above, in that we show:
214  * (a) how to modify the JPEG library's standard error-reporting behavior;
215  * (b) how to allocate workspace using the library's memory manager.
216  *
217  * Just to make this example a little different from the first one, we'll
218  * assume that we do not intend to put the whole image into an in-memory
219  * buffer, but to send it line-by-line someplace else. We need a one-
220  * scanline-high JSAMPLE array as a work buffer, and we will let the JPEG
221  * memory manager allocate it for us. This approach is actually quite useful
222  * because we don't need to remember to deallocate the buffer separately: it
223  * will go away automatically when the JPEG object is cleaned up.
224  */
225 
226 
227 /*
228  * ERROR HANDLING:
229  *
230  * The JPEG library's standard error handler (jerror.c) is divided into
231  * several "methods" which you can override individually. This lets you
232  * adjust the behavior without duplicating a lot of code, which you might
233  * have to update with each future release.
234  *
235  * Our example here shows how to override the "error_exit" method so that
236  * control is returned to the library's caller when a fatal error occurs,
237  * rather than calling exit() as the standard error_exit method does.
238  *
239  * We use C's setjmp/longjmp facility to return control. This means that the
240  * routine which calls the JPEG library must first execute a setjmp() call to
241  * establish the return point. We want the replacement error_exit to do a
242  * longjmp(). But we need to make the setjmp buffer accessible to the
243  * error_exit routine. To do this, we make a private extension of the
244  * standard JPEG error handler object. (If we were using C++, we'd say we
245  * were making a subclass of the regular error handler.)
246  *
247  * Here's the extended error handler struct:
248  */
249 
250 struct my_error_mgr {
251  struct jpeg_error_mgr pub; /* "public" fields */
252 
253  jmp_buf setjmp_buffer; /* for return to caller */
254 };
255 
256 typedef struct my_error_mgr * my_error_ptr;
257 
258 /*
259  * Here's the routine that will replace the standard error_exit method:
260  */
261 
262 METHODDEF(void)
264 {
265  /* cinfo->err really points to a my_error_mgr struct, so coerce pointer */
266  my_error_ptr myerr = (my_error_ptr) cinfo->err;
267 
268  /* Always display the message. */
269  /* We could postpone this until after returning, if we chose. */
270  (*cinfo->err->output_message) (cinfo);
271 
272  /* Return control to the setjmp point */
273  longjmp(myerr->setjmp_buffer, 1);
274 }
275 
276 
277 /*
278  * Sample routine for JPEG decompression. We assume that the source file name
279  * is passed in. We want to return 1 on success, 0 on error.
280  */
281 
282 
283 GLOBAL(int)
285 {
286  /* This struct contains the JPEG decompression parameters and pointers to
287  * working space (which is allocated as needed by the JPEG library).
288  */
289  struct jpeg_decompress_struct cinfo;
290  /* We use our private extension JPEG error handler.
291  * Note that this struct must live as long as the main JPEG parameter
292  * struct, to avoid dangling-pointer problems.
293  */
294  struct my_error_mgr jerr;
295  /* More stuff */
296  FILE * infile; /* source file */
297  JSAMPARRAY buffer; /* Output row buffer */
298  int row_stride; /* physical row width in output buffer */
299 
300  /* In this example we want to open the input file before doing anything else,
301  * so that the setjmp() error recovery below can assume the file is open.
302  * VERY IMPORTANT: use "b" option to fopen() if you are on a machine that
303  * requires it in order to read binary files.
304  */
305 
306  if ((infile = fopen(filename, "rb")) == NULL) {
307  fprintf(stderr, "can't open %s\n", filename);
308  return 0;
309  }
310 
311  /* Step 1: allocate and initialize JPEG decompression object */
312 
313  /* We set up the normal JPEG error routines, then override error_exit. */
314  cinfo.err = jpeg_std_error(&jerr.pub);
315  jerr.pub.error_exit = my_error_exit;
316  /* Establish the setjmp return context for my_error_exit to use. */
317  if (setjmp(jerr.setjmp_buffer)) {
318  /* If we get here, the JPEG code has signaled an error.
319  * We need to clean up the JPEG object, close the input file, and return.
320  */
321  jpeg_destroy_decompress(&cinfo);
322  fclose(infile);
323  return 0;
324  }
325  /* Now we can initialize the JPEG decompression object. */
326  jpeg_create_decompress(&cinfo);
327 
328  /* Step 2: specify data source (eg, a file) */
329 
330  jpeg_stdio_src(&cinfo, infile);
331 
332  /* Step 3: read file parameters with jpeg_read_header() */
333 
334  (void) jpeg_read_header(&cinfo, TRUE);
335  /* We can ignore the return value from jpeg_read_header since
336  * (a) suspension is not possible with the stdio data source, and
337  * (b) we passed TRUE to reject a tables-only JPEG file as an error.
338  * See libjpeg.doc for more info.
339  */
340 
341  /* Step 4: set parameters for decompression */
342 
343  /* In this example, we don't need to change any of the defaults set by
344  * jpeg_read_header(), so we do nothing here.
345  */
346 
347  /* Step 5: Start decompressor */
348 
349  (void) jpeg_start_decompress(&cinfo);
350  /* We can ignore the return value since suspension is not possible
351  * with the stdio data source.
352  */
353 
354  /* We may need to do some setup of our own at this point before reading
355  * the data. After jpeg_start_decompress() we have the correct scaled
356  * output image dimensions available, as well as the output colormap
357  * if we asked for color quantization.
358  * In this example, we need to make an output work buffer of the right size.
359  */
360  /* JSAMPLEs per row in output buffer */
361  row_stride = cinfo.output_width * cinfo.output_components;
362  /* Make a one-row-high sample array that will go away when done with image */
363  buffer = (*cinfo.mem->alloc_sarray)
364  ((j_common_ptr) &cinfo, JPOOL_IMAGE, row_stride, 1);
365 
366  /* Step 6: while (scan lines remain to be read) */
367  /* jpeg_read_scanlines(...); */
368 
369  /* Here we use the library's state variable cinfo.output_scanline as the
370  * loop counter, so that we don't have to keep track ourselves.
371  */
372  while (cinfo.output_scanline < cinfo.output_height) {
373  /* jpeg_read_scanlines expects an array of pointers to scanlines.
374  * Here the array is only one element long, but you could ask for
375  * more than one scanline at a time if that's more convenient.
376  */
377  (void) jpeg_read_scanlines(&cinfo, buffer, 1);
378  /* Assume put_scanline_someplace wants a pointer and sample count. */
379  put_scanline_someplace(buffer[0], row_stride);
380  }
381 
382  /* Step 7: Finish decompression */
383 
384  (void) jpeg_finish_decompress(&cinfo);
385  /* We can ignore the return value since suspension is not possible
386  * with the stdio data source.
387  */
388 
389  /* Step 8: Release JPEG decompression object */
390 
391  /* This is an important step since it will release a good deal of memory. */
392  jpeg_destroy_decompress(&cinfo);
393 
394  /* After finish_decompress, we can close the input file.
395  * Here we postpone it until after no more JPEG errors are possible,
396  * so as to simplify the setjmp error logic above. (Actually, I don't
397  * think that jpeg_destroy can do an error exit, but why assume anything...)
398  */
399  fclose(infile);
400 
401  /* At this point you may want to check to see whether any corrupt-data
402  * warnings occurred (test whether jerr.pub.num_warnings is nonzero).
403  */
404 
405  /* And we're done! */
406  return 1;
407 }
408 
409 
410 /*
411  * SOME FINE POINTS:
412  *
413  * In the above code, we ignored the return value of jpeg_read_scanlines,
414  * which is the number of scanlines actually read. We could get away with
415  * this because we asked for only one line at a time and we weren't using
416  * a suspending data source. See libjpeg.doc for more info.
417  *
418  * We cheated a bit by calling alloc_sarray() after jpeg_start_decompress();
419  * we should have done it beforehand to ensure that the space would be
420  * counted against the JPEG max_memory setting. In some systems the above
421  * code would risk an out-of-memory error. However, in general we don't
422  * know the output image dimensions before jpeg_start_decompress(), unless we
423  * call jpeg_calc_output_dimensions(). See libjpeg.doc for more about this.
424  *
425  * Scanlines are returned in the same order as they appear in the JPEG file,
426  * which is standardly top-to-bottom. If you must emit data bottom-to-top,
427  * you can use one of the virtual arrays provided by the JPEG memory manager
428  * to invert the data. See wrbmp.c for an example.
429  *
430  * As with compression, some operating modes may require temporary files.
431  * On some systems you may need to set up a signal handler to ensure that
432  * temporary files are deleted if the program is interrupted. See libjpeg.doc.
433  */
jpeg_read_header(j_decompress_ptr cinfo, boolean require_image)
Definition: jdapimin.c:241
char JSAMPLE
Definition: jmorecfg.h:64
jpeg_finish_compress(j_compress_ptr cinfo)
Definition: jcapimin.c:147
JDIMENSION output_height
Definition: jpeglib.h:460
JSAMPLE FAR * JSAMPROW
Definition: jpeglib.h:66
#define NULL
Definition: ftobjs.h:61
JSAMPLE * image_buffer
jpeg_destroy_compress(j_compress_ptr cinfo)
Definition: jcapimin.c:88
JDIMENSION image_height
Definition: jpeglib.h:280
read_JPEG_file(char *filename)
Definition: example.c:284
JDIMENSION output_width
Definition: jpeglib.h:459
const char * filename
Definition: ioapi.h:135
jpeg_stdio_dest(j_compress_ptr cinfo, FILE *outfile)
Definition: jdatadst.c:130
typedef void(APIENTRY *GLDEBUGPROCARB)(GLenum source
int image_height
jpeg_start_compress(j_compress_ptr cinfo, boolean write_all_tables)
Definition: jcapistd.c:38
J_COLOR_SPACE in_color_space
Definition: jpeglib.h:282
#define jpeg_create_decompress(cinfo)
Definition: jpeglib.h:897
JDIMENSION next_scanline
Definition: jpeglib.h:354
#define JPOOL_IMAGE
Definition: jpeglib.h:749
FILE * outfile
Definition: jpeglib.h:910
write_JPEG_file(char *filename, int quality)
Definition: example.c:72
jpeg_stdio_src(j_decompress_ptr cinfo, FILE *infile)
Definition: jdatasrc.c:182
jpeg_write_scanlines(j_compress_ptr cinfo, JSAMPARRAY scanlines, JDIMENSION num_lines)
Definition: jcapistd.c:77
GLuint buffer
int quality
Definition: jpeglib.h:919
jpeg_finish_decompress(j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
Definition: jdapimin.c:369
JSAMPROW * JSAMPARRAY
Definition: jpeglib.h:67
jpeg_destroy_decompress(j_decompress_ptr cinfo)
Definition: jdapimin.c:91
jpeg_read_scanlines(j_decompress_ptr cinfo, JSAMPARRAY scanlines, JDIMENSION max_lines)
Definition: jdapistd.c:152
JDIMENSION output_scanline
Definition: jpeglib.h:489
my_error_exit(j_common_ptr cinfo)
Definition: example.c:263
#define GLOBAL(type)
Definition: jmorecfg.h:191
#define METHODDEF(type)
Definition: jmorecfg.h:187
FILE * infile
Definition: cdjpeg.h:141
#define jpeg_create_compress(cinfo)
Definition: jpeglib.h:894
struct my_error_mgr * my_error_ptr
Definition: example.c:256
jpeg_set_defaults(j_compress_ptr cinfo)
Definition: jcparam.c:268
jpeg_std_error(struct jpeg_error_mgr *err)
Definition: jerror.c:231
int image_width
jpeg_set_quality(j_compress_ptr cinfo, int quality, boolean force_baseline)
Definition: jcparam.c:132
#define TRUE
Definition: ftobjs.h:53
JDIMENSION image_width
Definition: jpeglib.h:279