tif_dirread.c

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/* $Id: tif_dirread.c,v 1.82 2006/03/16 12:24:53 dron Exp $ */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1988-1997 Sam Leffler
 * Copyright (c) 1991-1997 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and sell this software and 
 * its documentation for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided
 * that (i) the above copyright notices and this permission notice appear in
 * all copies of the software and related documentation, and (ii) the names of
 * Sam Leffler and Silicon Graphics may not be used in any advertising or
 * publicity relating to the software without the specific, prior written
 * permission of Sam Leffler and Silicon Graphics.
 * 
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS-IS" AND WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, 
 * EXPRESS, IMPLIED OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY 
 * WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  
 * 
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL SAM LEFFLER OR SILICON GRAPHICS BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND,
 * OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS,
 * WHETHER OR NOT ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF DAMAGE, AND ON ANY THEORY OF 
 * LIABILITY, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE 
 * OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

/*
 * TIFF Library.
 *
 * Directory Read Support Routines.
 */
#include "tiffiop.h"

#define IGNORE  0       /* tag placeholder used below */

#ifdef HAVE_IEEEFP
# define    TIFFCvtIEEEFloatToNative(tif, n, fp)
# define    TIFFCvtIEEEDoubleToNative(tif, n, dp)
#else
extern  void TIFFCvtIEEEFloatToNative(TIFF*, uint32, float*);
extern  void TIFFCvtIEEEDoubleToNative(TIFF*, uint32, double*);
#endif

static  int EstimateStripByteCounts(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*, uint16);
static  void MissingRequired(TIFF*, const char*);
static  int CheckDirCount(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*, uint32);
static  tsize_t TIFFFetchData(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*, char*);
static  tsize_t TIFFFetchString(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*, char*);
static  float TIFFFetchRational(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*);
static  int TIFFFetchNormalTag(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*);
static  int TIFFFetchPerSampleShorts(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*, uint16*);
static  int TIFFFetchPerSampleLongs(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*, uint32*);
static  int TIFFFetchPerSampleAnys(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*, double*);
static  int TIFFFetchShortArray(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*, uint16*);
static  int TIFFFetchStripThing(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*, long, uint32**);
static  int TIFFFetchRefBlackWhite(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*);
static  float TIFFFetchFloat(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*);
static  int TIFFFetchFloatArray(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*, float*);
static  int TIFFFetchDoubleArray(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*, double*);
static  int TIFFFetchAnyArray(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*, double*);
static  int TIFFFetchShortPair(TIFF*, TIFFDirEntry*);
static  void ChopUpSingleUncompressedStrip(TIFF*);

/*
 * Read the next TIFF directory from a file
 * and convert it to the internal format.
 * We read directories sequentially.
 */
int
TIFFReadDirectory(TIFF* tif)
{
    static const char module[] = "TIFFReadDirectory";

    int n;
    TIFFDirectory* td;
    TIFFDirEntry *dp, *dir = NULL;
    uint16 iv;
    uint32 v;
    const TIFFFieldInfo* fip;
    size_t fix;
    uint16 dircount;
    toff_t nextdiroff;
    int diroutoforderwarning = 0;
    toff_t* new_dirlist;

    tif->tif_diroff = tif->tif_nextdiroff;
    if (tif->tif_diroff == 0)       /* no more directories */
        return (0);

    /*
     * XXX: Trick to prevent IFD looping. The one can create TIFF file
     * with looped directory pointers. We will maintain a list of already
     * seen directories and check every IFD offset against this list.
     */
    for (n = 0; n < tif->tif_dirnumber; n++) {
        if (tif->tif_dirlist[n] == tif->tif_diroff)
            return (0);
    }
    tif->tif_dirnumber++;
    new_dirlist = (toff_t *)_TIFFrealloc(tif->tif_dirlist,
                    tif->tif_dirnumber * sizeof(toff_t));
    if (!new_dirlist) {
        TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
              "%s: Failed to allocate space for IFD list",
              tif->tif_name);
        return (0);
    }
    tif->tif_dirlist = new_dirlist;
    tif->tif_dirlist[tif->tif_dirnumber - 1] = tif->tif_diroff;

    /*
     * Cleanup any previous compression state.
     */
    (*tif->tif_cleanup)(tif);
    tif->tif_curdir++;
    nextdiroff = 0;
    if (!isMapped(tif)) {
        if (!SeekOK(tif, tif->tif_diroff)) {
            TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
                "%s: Seek error accessing TIFF directory",
                            tif->tif_name);
            return (0);
        }
        if (!ReadOK(tif, &dircount, sizeof (uint16))) {
            TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
                "%s: Can not read TIFF directory count",
                            tif->tif_name);
            return (0);
        }
        if (tif->tif_flags & TIFF_SWAB)
            TIFFSwabShort(&dircount);
        dir = (TIFFDirEntry *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, dircount,
                               sizeof (TIFFDirEntry),
                        "to read TIFF directory");
        if (dir == NULL)
            return (0);
        if (!ReadOK(tif, dir, dircount*sizeof (TIFFDirEntry))) {
            TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
                                  "%.100s: Can not read TIFF directory",
                                  tif->tif_name);
            goto bad;
        }
        /*
         * Read offset to next directory for sequential scans.
         */
        (void) ReadOK(tif, &nextdiroff, sizeof (uint32));
    } else {
        toff_t off = tif->tif_diroff;

        if (off + sizeof (uint16) > tif->tif_size) {
            TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
                "%s: Can not read TIFF directory count",
                            tif->tif_name);
            return (0);
        } else
            _TIFFmemcpy(&dircount, tif->tif_base + off, sizeof (uint16));
        off += sizeof (uint16);
        if (tif->tif_flags & TIFF_SWAB)
            TIFFSwabShort(&dircount);
        dir = (TIFFDirEntry *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, dircount,
                               sizeof (TIFFDirEntry),
                        "to read TIFF directory");
        if (dir == NULL)
            return (0);
        if (off + dircount*sizeof (TIFFDirEntry) > tif->tif_size) {
            TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
                                  "%s: Can not read TIFF directory",
                                  tif->tif_name);
            goto bad;
        } else {
            _TIFFmemcpy(dir, tif->tif_base + off,
                    dircount*sizeof (TIFFDirEntry));
        }
        off += dircount* sizeof (TIFFDirEntry);
        if (off + sizeof (uint32) <= tif->tif_size)
            _TIFFmemcpy(&nextdiroff, tif->tif_base+off, sizeof (uint32));
    }
    if (tif->tif_flags & TIFF_SWAB)
        TIFFSwabLong(&nextdiroff);
    tif->tif_nextdiroff = nextdiroff;

    tif->tif_flags &= ~TIFF_BEENWRITING;    /* reset before new dir */
    /*
     * Setup default value and then make a pass over
     * the fields to check type and tag information,
     * and to extract info required to size data
     * structures.  A second pass is made afterwards
     * to read in everthing not taken in the first pass.
     */
    td = &tif->tif_dir;
    /* free any old stuff and reinit */
    TIFFFreeDirectory(tif);
    TIFFDefaultDirectory(tif);
    /*
     * Electronic Arts writes gray-scale TIFF files
     * without a PlanarConfiguration directory entry.
     * Thus we setup a default value here, even though
     * the TIFF spec says there is no default value.
     */
    TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_PLANARCONFIG, PLANARCONFIG_CONTIG);

    /*
     * Sigh, we must make a separate pass through the
     * directory for the following reason:
     *
     * We must process the Compression tag in the first pass
     * in order to merge in codec-private tag definitions (otherwise
     * we may get complaints about unknown tags).  However, the
     * Compression tag may be dependent on the SamplesPerPixel
     * tag value because older TIFF specs permited Compression
     * to be written as a SamplesPerPixel-count tag entry.
     * Thus if we don't first figure out the correct SamplesPerPixel
     * tag value then we may end up ignoring the Compression tag
     * value because it has an incorrect count value (if the
     * true value of SamplesPerPixel is not 1).
     *
     * It sure would have been nice if Aldus had really thought
     * this stuff through carefully.
     */ 
    for (dp = dir, n = dircount; n > 0; n--, dp++) {
        if (tif->tif_flags & TIFF_SWAB) {
            TIFFSwabArrayOfShort(&dp->tdir_tag, 2);
            TIFFSwabArrayOfLong(&dp->tdir_count, 2);
        }
        if (dp->tdir_tag == TIFFTAG_SAMPLESPERPIXEL) {
            if (!TIFFFetchNormalTag(tif, dp))
                goto bad;
            dp->tdir_tag = IGNORE;
        }
    }
    /*
     * First real pass over the directory.
     */
    fix = 0;
    for (dp = dir, n = dircount; n > 0; n--, dp++) {

        if (fix >= tif->tif_nfields || dp->tdir_tag == IGNORE)
            continue;
               
        /*
         * Silicon Beach (at least) writes unordered
         * directory tags (violating the spec).  Handle
         * it here, but be obnoxious (maybe they'll fix it?).
         */
        if (dp->tdir_tag < tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix]->field_tag) {
            if (!diroutoforderwarning) {
                TIFFWarningExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
    "%s: invalid TIFF directory; tags are not sorted in ascending order",
                           tif->tif_name);
                diroutoforderwarning = 1;
            }
            fix = 0;            /* O(n^2) */
        }
        while (fix < tif->tif_nfields &&
               tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix]->field_tag < dp->tdir_tag)
            fix++;
        if (fix >= tif->tif_nfields ||
            tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix]->field_tag != dp->tdir_tag) {

                    TIFFWarningExt(tif->tif_clientdata,
                               module,
                        "%s: unknown field with tag %d (0x%x) encountered",
                               tif->tif_name,
                               dp->tdir_tag,
                               dp->tdir_tag,
                               dp->tdir_type);

                    TIFFMergeFieldInfo(tif,
                                       _TIFFCreateAnonFieldInfo(tif,
                        dp->tdir_tag,
                        (TIFFDataType) dp->tdir_type),
                       1 );
                    fix = 0;
                    while (fix < tif->tif_nfields &&
                           tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix]->field_tag < dp->tdir_tag)
            fix++;
        }
        /*
         * Null out old tags that we ignore.
         */
        if (tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix]->field_bit == FIELD_IGNORE) {
    ignore:
            dp->tdir_tag = IGNORE;
            continue;
        }
        /*
         * Check data type.
         */
        fip = tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix];
        while (dp->tdir_type != (unsigned short) fip->field_type
                       && fix < tif->tif_nfields) {
            if (fip->field_type == TIFF_ANY)    /* wildcard */
                break;
                        fip = tif->tif_fieldinfo[++fix];
            if (fix >= tif->tif_nfields ||
                fip->field_tag != dp->tdir_tag) {
                TIFFWarningExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
            "%s: wrong data type %d for \"%s\"; tag ignored",
                        tif->tif_name, dp->tdir_type,
                        tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix-1]->field_name);
                goto ignore;
            }
        }
        /*
         * Check count if known in advance.
         */
        if (fip->field_readcount != TIFF_VARIABLE
            && fip->field_readcount != TIFF_VARIABLE2) {
            uint32 expected = (fip->field_readcount == TIFF_SPP) ?
                (uint32) td->td_samplesperpixel :
                (uint32) fip->field_readcount;
            if (!CheckDirCount(tif, dp, expected))
                goto ignore;
        }

        switch (dp->tdir_tag) {
        case TIFFTAG_COMPRESSION:
            /*
             * The 5.0 spec says the Compression tag has
             * one value, while earlier specs say it has
             * one value per sample.  Because of this, we
             * accept the tag if one value is supplied.
             */
            if (dp->tdir_count == 1) {
                v = TIFFExtractData(tif,
                    dp->tdir_type, dp->tdir_offset);
                if (!TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, (uint16)v))
                    goto bad;
                break;
            /* XXX: workaround for broken TIFFs */
            } else if (dp->tdir_type == TIFF_LONG) {
                if (!TIFFFetchPerSampleLongs(tif, dp, &v) ||
                    !TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, (uint16)v))
                    goto bad;
            } else {
                if (!TIFFFetchPerSampleShorts(tif, dp, &iv)
                    || !TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, iv))
                    goto bad;
            }
            dp->tdir_tag = IGNORE;
            break;
        case TIFFTAG_STRIPOFFSETS:
        case TIFFTAG_STRIPBYTECOUNTS:
        case TIFFTAG_TILEOFFSETS:
        case TIFFTAG_TILEBYTECOUNTS:
            TIFFSetFieldBit(tif, fip->field_bit);
            break;
        case TIFFTAG_IMAGEWIDTH:
        case TIFFTAG_IMAGELENGTH:
        case TIFFTAG_IMAGEDEPTH:
        case TIFFTAG_TILELENGTH:
        case TIFFTAG_TILEWIDTH:
        case TIFFTAG_TILEDEPTH:
        case TIFFTAG_PLANARCONFIG:
        case TIFFTAG_ROWSPERSTRIP:
        case TIFFTAG_EXTRASAMPLES:
            if (!TIFFFetchNormalTag(tif, dp))
                goto bad;
            dp->tdir_tag = IGNORE;
            break;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Allocate directory structure and setup defaults.
     */
    if (!TIFFFieldSet(tif, FIELD_IMAGEDIMENSIONS)) {
        MissingRequired(tif, "ImageLength");
        goto bad;
    }
    /* 
     * Setup appropriate structures (by strip or by tile)
     */
    if (!TIFFFieldSet(tif, FIELD_TILEDIMENSIONS)) {
        td->td_nstrips = TIFFNumberOfStrips(tif);
        td->td_tilewidth = td->td_imagewidth;
        td->td_tilelength = td->td_rowsperstrip;
        td->td_tiledepth = td->td_imagedepth;
        tif->tif_flags &= ~TIFF_ISTILED;
    } else {
        td->td_nstrips = TIFFNumberOfTiles(tif);
        tif->tif_flags |= TIFF_ISTILED;
    }
    if (!td->td_nstrips) {
        TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
                 "%s: cannot handle zero number of %s",
                 tif->tif_name, isTiled(tif) ? "tiles" : "strips");
        goto bad;
    }
    td->td_stripsperimage = td->td_nstrips;
    if (td->td_planarconfig == PLANARCONFIG_SEPARATE)
        td->td_stripsperimage /= td->td_samplesperpixel;
    if (!TIFFFieldSet(tif, FIELD_STRIPOFFSETS)) {
        MissingRequired(tif,
                isTiled(tif) ? "TileOffsets" : "StripOffsets");
        goto bad;
    }

    /*
     * Second pass: extract other information.
     */
    for (dp = dir, n = dircount; n > 0; n--, dp++) {
        if (dp->tdir_tag == IGNORE)
            continue;
        switch (dp->tdir_tag) {
        case TIFFTAG_MINSAMPLEVALUE:
        case TIFFTAG_MAXSAMPLEVALUE:
        case TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE:
        case TIFFTAG_DATATYPE:
        case TIFFTAG_SAMPLEFORMAT:
            /*
             * The 5.0 spec says the Compression tag has
             * one value, while earlier specs say it has
             * one value per sample.  Because of this, we
             * accept the tag if one value is supplied.
             *
                         * The MinSampleValue, MaxSampleValue, BitsPerSample
                         * DataType and SampleFormat tags are supposed to be
                         * written as one value/sample, but some vendors
                         * incorrectly write one value only -- so we accept
                         * that as well (yech). Other vendors write correct
             * value for NumberOfSamples, but incorrect one for
             * BitsPerSample and friends, and we will read this
             * too.
             */
            if (dp->tdir_count == 1) {
                v = TIFFExtractData(tif,
                    dp->tdir_type, dp->tdir_offset);
                if (!TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, (uint16)v))
                    goto bad;
            /* XXX: workaround for broken TIFFs */
            } else if (dp->tdir_tag == TIFFTAG_BITSPERSAMPLE
                   && dp->tdir_type == TIFF_LONG) {
                if (!TIFFFetchPerSampleLongs(tif, dp, &v) ||
                    !TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, (uint16)v))
                    goto bad;
            } else {
                if (!TIFFFetchPerSampleShorts(tif, dp, &iv) ||
                    !TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, iv))
                    goto bad;
            }
            break;
        case TIFFTAG_SMINSAMPLEVALUE:
        case TIFFTAG_SMAXSAMPLEVALUE:
            {
                double dv = 0.0;
                if (!TIFFFetchPerSampleAnys(tif, dp, &dv) ||
                    !TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, dv))
                    goto bad;
            }
            break;
        case TIFFTAG_STRIPOFFSETS:
        case TIFFTAG_TILEOFFSETS:
            if (!TIFFFetchStripThing(tif, dp,
                td->td_nstrips, &td->td_stripoffset))
                goto bad;
            break;
        case TIFFTAG_STRIPBYTECOUNTS:
        case TIFFTAG_TILEBYTECOUNTS:
            if (!TIFFFetchStripThing(tif, dp,
                td->td_nstrips, &td->td_stripbytecount))
                goto bad;
            break;
        case TIFFTAG_COLORMAP:
        case TIFFTAG_TRANSFERFUNCTION:
            {
                char* cp;
                /*
                 * TransferFunction can have either 1x or 3x
                 * data values; Colormap can have only 3x
                 * items.
                 */
                v = 1L<<td->td_bitspersample;
                if (dp->tdir_tag == TIFFTAG_COLORMAP ||
                    dp->tdir_count != v) {
                    if (!CheckDirCount(tif, dp, 3 * v))
                        break;
                }
                v *= sizeof(uint16);
                cp = (char *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif,
                                  dp->tdir_count,
                                  sizeof (uint16),
                    "to read \"TransferFunction\" tag");
                if (cp != NULL) {
                    if (TIFFFetchData(tif, dp, cp)) {
                        /*
                         * This deals with there being
                         * only one array to apply to
                         * all samples.
                         */
                        uint32 c = 1L << td->td_bitspersample;
                        if (dp->tdir_count == c)
                            v = 0L;
                        TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag,
                            cp, cp+v, cp+2*v);
                    }
                    _TIFFfree(cp);
                }
                break;
            }
        case TIFFTAG_PAGENUMBER:
        case TIFFTAG_HALFTONEHINTS:
        case TIFFTAG_YCBCRSUBSAMPLING:
        case TIFFTAG_DOTRANGE:
            (void) TIFFFetchShortPair(tif, dp);
            break;
        case TIFFTAG_REFERENCEBLACKWHITE:
            (void) TIFFFetchRefBlackWhite(tif, dp);
            break;
/* BEGIN REV 4.0 COMPATIBILITY */
        case TIFFTAG_OSUBFILETYPE:
            v = 0L;
            switch (TIFFExtractData(tif, dp->tdir_type,
                dp->tdir_offset)) {
            case OFILETYPE_REDUCEDIMAGE:
                v = FILETYPE_REDUCEDIMAGE;
                break;
            case OFILETYPE_PAGE:
                v = FILETYPE_PAGE;
                break;
            }
            if (v)
                TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_SUBFILETYPE, v);
            break;
/* END REV 4.0 COMPATIBILITY */
        default:
            (void) TIFFFetchNormalTag(tif, dp);
            break;
        }
    }
    /*
     * Verify Palette image has a Colormap.
     */
    if (td->td_photometric == PHOTOMETRIC_PALETTE &&
        !TIFFFieldSet(tif, FIELD_COLORMAP)) {
        MissingRequired(tif, "Colormap");
        goto bad;
    }
    /*
     * Attempt to deal with a missing StripByteCounts tag.
     */
    if (!TIFFFieldSet(tif, FIELD_STRIPBYTECOUNTS)) {
        /*
         * Some manufacturers violate the spec by not giving
         * the size of the strips.  In this case, assume there
         * is one uncompressed strip of data.
         */
        if ((td->td_planarconfig == PLANARCONFIG_CONTIG &&
            td->td_nstrips > 1) ||
            (td->td_planarconfig == PLANARCONFIG_SEPARATE &&
             td->td_nstrips != td->td_samplesperpixel)) {
            MissingRequired(tif, "StripByteCounts");
            goto bad;
        }
        TIFFWarningExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
            "%s: TIFF directory is missing required "
            "\"%s\" field, calculating from imagelength",
            tif->tif_name,
                _TIFFFieldWithTag(tif,TIFFTAG_STRIPBYTECOUNTS)->field_name);
        if (EstimateStripByteCounts(tif, dir, dircount) < 0)
            goto bad;
/* 
 * Assume we have wrong StripByteCount value (in case of single strip) in
 * following cases:
 *   - it is equal to zero along with StripOffset;
 *   - it is larger than file itself (in case of uncompressed image);
 *   - it is smaller than the size of the bytes per row multiplied on the
 *     number of rows.  The last case should not be checked in the case of
 *     writing new image, because we may do not know the exact strip size
 *     until the whole image will be written and directory dumped out.
 */
#define BYTECOUNTLOOKSBAD \
    ( (td->td_stripbytecount[0] == 0 && td->td_stripoffset[0] != 0) || \
      (td->td_compression == COMPRESSION_NONE && \
       td->td_stripbytecount[0] > TIFFGetFileSize(tif) - td->td_stripoffset[0]) || \
      (tif->tif_mode == O_RDONLY && \
       td->td_compression == COMPRESSION_NONE && \
       td->td_stripbytecount[0] < TIFFScanlineSize(tif) * td->td_imagelength) )

    } else if (td->td_nstrips == 1 
                   && td->td_stripoffset[0] != 0 
                   && BYTECOUNTLOOKSBAD) {
        /*
         * XXX: Plexus (and others) sometimes give a value of zero for
         * a tag when they don't know what the correct value is!  Try
         * and handle the simple case of estimating the size of a one
         * strip image.
         */
        TIFFWarningExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
    "%s: Bogus \"%s\" field, ignoring and calculating from imagelength",
                            tif->tif_name,
                    _TIFFFieldWithTag(tif,TIFFTAG_STRIPBYTECOUNTS)->field_name);
        if(EstimateStripByteCounts(tif, dir, dircount) < 0)
            goto bad;
    } else if (td->td_planarconfig == PLANARCONFIG_CONTIG
           && td->td_nstrips > 2
           && td->td_compression == COMPRESSION_NONE
           && td->td_stripbytecount[0] != td->td_stripbytecount[1]) {
        /*
         * XXX: Some vendors fill StripByteCount array with absolutely
         * wrong values (it can be equal to StripOffset array, for
         * example). Catch this case here.
         */
        TIFFWarningExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
    "%s: Wrong \"%s\" field, ignoring and calculating from imagelength",
                            tif->tif_name,
                    _TIFFFieldWithTag(tif,TIFFTAG_STRIPBYTECOUNTS)->field_name);
        if (EstimateStripByteCounts(tif, dir, dircount) < 0)
            goto bad;
    }
    if (dir) {
        _TIFFfree((char *)dir);
        dir = NULL;
    }
    if (!TIFFFieldSet(tif, FIELD_MAXSAMPLEVALUE))
        td->td_maxsamplevalue = (uint16)((1L<<td->td_bitspersample)-1);
    /*
     * Setup default compression scheme.
     */

    /*
     * XXX: We can optimize checking for the strip bounds using the sorted
     * bytecounts array. See also comments for TIFFAppendToStrip()
     * function in tif_write.c.
     */
    if (td->td_nstrips > 1) {
        tstrip_t strip;

        td->td_stripbytecountsorted = 1;
        for (strip = 1; strip < td->td_nstrips; strip++) {
            if (td->td_stripoffset[strip - 1] >
                td->td_stripoffset[strip]) {
                td->td_stripbytecountsorted = 0;
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    if (!TIFFFieldSet(tif, FIELD_COMPRESSION))
        TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_COMPRESSION, COMPRESSION_NONE);
        /*
         * Some manufacturers make life difficult by writing
     * large amounts of uncompressed data as a single strip.
     * This is contrary to the recommendations of the spec.
         * The following makes an attempt at breaking such images
     * into strips closer to the recommended 8k bytes.  A
     * side effect, however, is that the RowsPerStrip tag
     * value may be changed.
         */
    if (td->td_nstrips == 1 && td->td_compression == COMPRESSION_NONE &&
        (tif->tif_flags & (TIFF_STRIPCHOP|TIFF_ISTILED)) == TIFF_STRIPCHOP)
        ChopUpSingleUncompressedStrip(tif);

    /*
     * Reinitialize i/o since we are starting on a new directory.
     */
    tif->tif_row = (uint32) -1;
    tif->tif_curstrip = (tstrip_t) -1;
    tif->tif_col = (uint32) -1;
    tif->tif_curtile = (ttile_t) -1;
    tif->tif_tilesize = (tsize_t) -1;

    tif->tif_scanlinesize = TIFFScanlineSize(tif);
    if (!tif->tif_scanlinesize) {
        TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module, "%s: cannot handle zero scanline size",
              tif->tif_name);
        return (0);
    }

    if (isTiled(tif)) {
        tif->tif_tilesize = TIFFTileSize(tif);
        if (!tif->tif_tilesize) {
            TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module, "%s: cannot handle zero tile size",
                  tif->tif_name);
            return (0);
        }
    } else {
        if (!TIFFStripSize(tif)) {
            TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module, "%s: cannot handle zero strip size",
                  tif->tif_name);
            return (0);
        }
    }
    return (1);
bad:
    if (dir)
        _TIFFfree(dir);
    return (0);
}

/* 
 * Read custom directory from the arbitarry offset.
 * The code is very similar to TIFFReadDirectory().
 */
int
TIFFReadCustomDirectory(TIFF* tif, toff_t diroff,
            const TIFFFieldInfo info[], size_t n)
{
    static const char module[] = "TIFFReadCustomDirectory";

    TIFFDirectory* td = &tif->tif_dir;
    TIFFDirEntry *dp, *dir = NULL;
    const TIFFFieldInfo* fip;
    size_t fix;
    uint16 i, dircount;

    _TIFFSetupFieldInfo(tif, info, n);

    tif->tif_diroff = diroff;

    if (!isMapped(tif)) {
        if (!SeekOK(tif, diroff)) {
            TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
                "%s: Seek error accessing TIFF directory",
                            tif->tif_name);
            return (0);
        }
        if (!ReadOK(tif, &dircount, sizeof (uint16))) {
            TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
                "%s: Can not read TIFF directory count",
                            tif->tif_name);
            return (0);
        }
        if (tif->tif_flags & TIFF_SWAB)
            TIFFSwabShort(&dircount);
        dir = (TIFFDirEntry *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, dircount,
                               sizeof (TIFFDirEntry),
                    "to read TIFF custom directory");
        if (dir == NULL)
            return (0);
        if (!ReadOK(tif, dir, dircount * sizeof (TIFFDirEntry))) {
            TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
                                  "%.100s: Can not read TIFF directory",
                                  tif->tif_name);
            goto bad;
        }
    } else {
        toff_t off = diroff;

        if (off + sizeof (uint16) > tif->tif_size) {
            TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
                "%s: Can not read TIFF directory count",
                            tif->tif_name);
            return (0);
        } else
            _TIFFmemcpy(&dircount, tif->tif_base + off, sizeof (uint16));
        off += sizeof (uint16);
        if (tif->tif_flags & TIFF_SWAB)
            TIFFSwabShort(&dircount);
        dir = (TIFFDirEntry *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, dircount,
                               sizeof (TIFFDirEntry),
                    "to read TIFF custom directory");
        if (dir == NULL)
            return (0);
        if (off + dircount * sizeof (TIFFDirEntry) > tif->tif_size) {
            TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
                                  "%s: Can not read TIFF directory",
                                  tif->tif_name);
            goto bad;
        } else {
            _TIFFmemcpy(dir, tif->tif_base + off,
                    dircount * sizeof (TIFFDirEntry));
        }
    }

    TIFFFreeDirectory(tif);

    fix = 0;
    for (dp = dir, i = dircount; i > 0; i--, dp++) {
        if (tif->tif_flags & TIFF_SWAB) {
            TIFFSwabArrayOfShort(&dp->tdir_tag, 2);
            TIFFSwabArrayOfLong(&dp->tdir_count, 2);
        }

        if (fix >= tif->tif_nfields || dp->tdir_tag == IGNORE)
            continue;

        while (fix < tif->tif_nfields &&
               tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix]->field_tag < dp->tdir_tag)
            fix++;

        if (fix >= tif->tif_nfields ||
            tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix]->field_tag != dp->tdir_tag) {

            TIFFWarningExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
                        "%s: unknown field with tag %d (0x%x) encountered",
                    tif->tif_name, dp->tdir_tag, dp->tdir_tag,
                    dp->tdir_type);

            TIFFMergeFieldInfo(tif,
                       _TIFFCreateAnonFieldInfo(tif,
                        dp->tdir_tag,
                        (TIFFDataType)dp->tdir_type),
                       1);

            fix = 0;
            while (fix < tif->tif_nfields &&
                   tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix]->field_tag < dp->tdir_tag)
                fix++;
        }
        /*
         * Null out old tags that we ignore.
         */
        if (tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix]->field_bit == FIELD_IGNORE) {
    ignore:
            dp->tdir_tag = IGNORE;
            continue;
        }
        /*
         * Check data type.
         */
        fip = tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix];
        while (dp->tdir_type != (unsigned short) fip->field_type
                       && fix < tif->tif_nfields) {
            if (fip->field_type == TIFF_ANY)    /* wildcard */
                break;
                        fip = tif->tif_fieldinfo[++fix];
            if (fix >= tif->tif_nfields ||
                fip->field_tag != dp->tdir_tag) {
                TIFFWarningExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
            "%s: wrong data type %d for \"%s\"; tag ignored",
                        tif->tif_name, dp->tdir_type,
                        tif->tif_fieldinfo[fix-1]->field_name);
                goto ignore;
            }
        }
        /*
         * Check count if known in advance.
         */
        if (fip->field_readcount != TIFF_VARIABLE
            && fip->field_readcount != TIFF_VARIABLE2) {
            uint32 expected = (fip->field_readcount == TIFF_SPP) ?
                (uint32) td->td_samplesperpixel :
                (uint32) fip->field_readcount;
            if (!CheckDirCount(tif, dp, expected))
                goto ignore;
        }

        (void) TIFFFetchNormalTag(tif, dp);
    }
    
    if (dir)
        _TIFFfree(dir);
    return 1;

bad:
    if (dir)
        _TIFFfree(dir);
    return 0;
}

/*
 * EXIF is important special case of custom IFD, so we have a special
 * function to read it.
 */
int
TIFFReadEXIFDirectory(TIFF* tif, toff_t diroff)
{
    size_t exifFieldInfoCount;
    const TIFFFieldInfo *exifFieldInfo =
        _TIFFGetExifFieldInfo(&exifFieldInfoCount);
    return TIFFReadCustomDirectory(tif, diroff, exifFieldInfo,
                       exifFieldInfoCount);
}

static int
EstimateStripByteCounts(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, uint16 dircount)
{
    static const char module[] = "EstimateStripByteCounts";

    register TIFFDirEntry *dp;
    register TIFFDirectory *td = &tif->tif_dir;
    uint16 i;

    if (td->td_stripbytecount)
        _TIFFfree(td->td_stripbytecount);
    td->td_stripbytecount = (uint32*)
        _TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, td->td_nstrips, sizeof (uint32),
        "for \"StripByteCounts\" array");
    if (td->td_compression != COMPRESSION_NONE) {
        uint32 space = (uint32)(sizeof (TIFFHeader)
            + sizeof (uint16)
            + (dircount * sizeof (TIFFDirEntry))
            + sizeof (uint32));
        toff_t filesize = TIFFGetFileSize(tif);
        uint16 n;

        /* calculate amount of space used by indirect values */
        for (dp = dir, n = dircount; n > 0; n--, dp++)
        {
            uint32 cc = TIFFDataWidth((TIFFDataType) dp->tdir_type);
            if (cc == 0) {
                TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
            "%s: Cannot determine size of unknown tag type %d",
                      tif->tif_name, dp->tdir_type);
                return -1;
            }
            cc = cc * dp->tdir_count;
            if (cc > sizeof (uint32))
                space += cc;
        }
        space = filesize - space;
        if (td->td_planarconfig == PLANARCONFIG_SEPARATE)
            space /= td->td_samplesperpixel;
        for (i = 0; i < td->td_nstrips; i++)
            td->td_stripbytecount[i] = space;
        /*
         * This gross hack handles the case were the offset to
         * the last strip is past the place where we think the strip
         * should begin.  Since a strip of data must be contiguous,
         * it's safe to assume that we've overestimated the amount
         * of data in the strip and trim this number back accordingly.
         */ 
        i--;
        if (((toff_t)(td->td_stripoffset[i]+td->td_stripbytecount[i]))
                                                               > filesize)
            td->td_stripbytecount[i] =
                filesize - td->td_stripoffset[i];
    } else {
        uint32 rowbytes = TIFFScanlineSize(tif);
        uint32 rowsperstrip = td->td_imagelength/td->td_stripsperimage;
        for (i = 0; i < td->td_nstrips; i++)
            td->td_stripbytecount[i] = rowbytes*rowsperstrip;
    }
    TIFFSetFieldBit(tif, FIELD_STRIPBYTECOUNTS);
    if (!TIFFFieldSet(tif, FIELD_ROWSPERSTRIP))
        td->td_rowsperstrip = td->td_imagelength;
    return 1;
}

static void
MissingRequired(TIFF* tif, const char* tagname)
{
    static const char module[] = "MissingRequired";

    TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, module,
          "%s: TIFF directory is missing required \"%s\" field",
          tif->tif_name, tagname);
}

/*
 * Check the count field of a directory
 * entry against a known value.  The caller
 * is expected to skip/ignore the tag if
 * there is a mismatch.
 */
static int
CheckDirCount(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, uint32 count)
{
    if (count > dir->tdir_count) {
        TIFFWarningExt(tif->tif_clientdata, tif->tif_name,
    "incorrect count for field \"%s\" (%lu, expecting %lu); tag ignored",
            _TIFFFieldWithTag(tif, dir->tdir_tag)->field_name,
            dir->tdir_count, count);
        return (0);
    } else if (count < dir->tdir_count) {
        TIFFWarningExt(tif->tif_clientdata, tif->tif_name,
    "incorrect count for field \"%s\" (%lu, expecting %lu); tag trimmed",
            _TIFFFieldWithTag(tif, dir->tdir_tag)->field_name,
            dir->tdir_count, count);
        return (1);
    }
    return (1);
}

/*
 * Fetch a contiguous directory item.
 */
static tsize_t
TIFFFetchData(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, char* cp)
{
    int w = TIFFDataWidth((TIFFDataType) dir->tdir_type);
    tsize_t cc = dir->tdir_count * w;

    /* Check for overflow. */
    if (!dir->tdir_count || !w || cc / w != (tsize_t)dir->tdir_count)
        goto bad;

    if (!isMapped(tif)) {
        if (!SeekOK(tif, dir->tdir_offset))
            goto bad;
        if (!ReadOK(tif, cp, cc))
            goto bad;
    } else {
        /* Check for overflow. */
        if ((tsize_t)dir->tdir_offset + cc < (tsize_t)dir->tdir_offset
            || (tsize_t)dir->tdir_offset + cc < cc
            || (tsize_t)dir->tdir_offset + cc > (tsize_t)tif->tif_size)
            goto bad;
        _TIFFmemcpy(cp, tif->tif_base + dir->tdir_offset, cc);
    }
    if (tif->tif_flags & TIFF_SWAB) {
        switch (dir->tdir_type) {
        case TIFF_SHORT:
        case TIFF_SSHORT:
            TIFFSwabArrayOfShort((uint16*) cp, dir->tdir_count);
            break;
        case TIFF_LONG:
        case TIFF_SLONG:
        case TIFF_FLOAT:
            TIFFSwabArrayOfLong((uint32*) cp, dir->tdir_count);
            break;
        case TIFF_RATIONAL:
        case TIFF_SRATIONAL:
            TIFFSwabArrayOfLong((uint32*) cp, 2*dir->tdir_count);
            break;
        case TIFF_DOUBLE:
            TIFFSwabArrayOfDouble((double*) cp, dir->tdir_count);
            break;
        }
    }
    return (cc);
bad:
    TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, tif->tif_name,
             "Error fetching data for field \"%s\"",
             _TIFFFieldWithTag(tif, dir->tdir_tag)->field_name);
    return (tsize_t) 0;
}

/*
 * Fetch an ASCII item from the file.
 */
static tsize_t
TIFFFetchString(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, char* cp)
{
    if (dir->tdir_count <= 4) {
        uint32 l = dir->tdir_offset;
        if (tif->tif_flags & TIFF_SWAB)
            TIFFSwabLong(&l);
        _TIFFmemcpy(cp, &l, dir->tdir_count);
        return (1);
    }
    return (TIFFFetchData(tif, dir, cp));
}

/*
 * Convert numerator+denominator to float.
 */
static int
cvtRational(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, uint32 num, uint32 denom, float* rv)
{
    if (denom == 0) {
        TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, tif->tif_name,
            "%s: Rational with zero denominator (num = %lu)",
            _TIFFFieldWithTag(tif, dir->tdir_tag)->field_name, num);
        return (0);
    } else {
        if (dir->tdir_type == TIFF_RATIONAL)
            *rv = ((float)num / (float)denom);
        else
            *rv = ((float)(int32)num / (float)(int32)denom);
        return (1);
    }
}

/*
 * Fetch a rational item from the file
 * at offset off and return the value
 * as a floating point number.
 */
static float
TIFFFetchRational(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir)
{
    uint32 l[2];
    float v;

    return (!TIFFFetchData(tif, dir, (char *)l) ||
        !cvtRational(tif, dir, l[0], l[1], &v) ? 1.0f : v);
}

/*
 * Fetch a single floating point value
 * from the offset field and return it
 * as a native float.
 */
static float
TIFFFetchFloat(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir)
{
    float v;
    int32 l = TIFFExtractData(tif, dir->tdir_type, dir->tdir_offset);
        _TIFFmemcpy(&v, &l, sizeof(float));
    TIFFCvtIEEEFloatToNative(tif, 1, &v);
    return (v);
}

/*
 * Fetch an array of BYTE or SBYTE values.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchByteArray(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, uint8* v)
{
    if (dir->tdir_count <= 4) {
        /*
         * Extract data from offset field.
         */
        if (tif->tif_header.tiff_magic == TIFF_BIGENDIAN) {
        if (dir->tdir_type == TIFF_SBYTE)
                switch (dir->tdir_count) {
                    case 4: v[3] = dir->tdir_offset & 0xff;
                    case 3: v[2] = (dir->tdir_offset >> 8) & 0xff;
                    case 2: v[1] = (dir->tdir_offset >> 16) & 0xff;
            case 1: v[0] = dir->tdir_offset >> 24;
                }
        else
                switch (dir->tdir_count) {
                    case 4: v[3] = dir->tdir_offset & 0xff;
                    case 3: v[2] = (dir->tdir_offset >> 8) & 0xff;
                    case 2: v[1] = (dir->tdir_offset >> 16) & 0xff;
            case 1: v[0] = dir->tdir_offset >> 24;
                }
    } else {
        if (dir->tdir_type == TIFF_SBYTE)
                switch (dir->tdir_count) {
                    case 4: v[3] = dir->tdir_offset >> 24;
                    case 3: v[2] = (dir->tdir_offset >> 16) & 0xff;
                    case 2: v[1] = (dir->tdir_offset >> 8) & 0xff;
                    case 1: v[0] = dir->tdir_offset & 0xff;
        }
        else
                switch (dir->tdir_count) {
                    case 4: v[3] = dir->tdir_offset >> 24;
                    case 3: v[2] = (dir->tdir_offset >> 16) & 0xff;
                    case 2: v[1] = (dir->tdir_offset >> 8) & 0xff;
                    case 1: v[0] = dir->tdir_offset & 0xff;
        }
    }
        return (1);
    } else
        return (TIFFFetchData(tif, dir, (char*) v) != 0);   /* XXX */
}

/*
 * Fetch an array of SHORT or SSHORT values.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchShortArray(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, uint16* v)
{
    if (dir->tdir_count <= 2) {
        if (tif->tif_header.tiff_magic == TIFF_BIGENDIAN) {
            switch (dir->tdir_count) {
            case 2: v[1] = (uint16) (dir->tdir_offset & 0xffff);
            case 1: v[0] = (uint16) (dir->tdir_offset >> 16);
            }
        } else {
            switch (dir->tdir_count) {
            case 2: v[1] = (uint16) (dir->tdir_offset >> 16);
            case 1: v[0] = (uint16) (dir->tdir_offset & 0xffff);
            }
        }
        return (1);
    } else
        return (TIFFFetchData(tif, dir, (char *)v) != 0);
}

/*
 * Fetch a pair of SHORT or BYTE values. Some tags may have either BYTE
 * or SHORT type and this function works with both ones.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchShortPair(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir)
{
    switch (dir->tdir_type) {
        case TIFF_BYTE:
        case TIFF_SBYTE:
            {
            uint8 v[4];
            return TIFFFetchByteArray(tif, dir, v)
                && TIFFSetField(tif, dir->tdir_tag, v[0], v[1]);
            }
        case TIFF_SHORT:
        case TIFF_SSHORT:
            {
            uint16 v[2];
            return TIFFFetchShortArray(tif, dir, v)
                && TIFFSetField(tif, dir->tdir_tag, v[0], v[1]);
            }
        default:
            return 0;
    }
}

/*
 * Fetch an array of LONG or SLONG values.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchLongArray(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, uint32* v)
{
    if (dir->tdir_count == 1) {
        v[0] = dir->tdir_offset;
        return (1);
    } else
        return (TIFFFetchData(tif, dir, (char*) v) != 0);
}

/*
 * Fetch an array of RATIONAL or SRATIONAL values.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchRationalArray(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, float* v)
{
    int ok = 0;
    uint32* l;

    l = (uint32*)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif,
        dir->tdir_count, TIFFDataWidth((TIFFDataType) dir->tdir_type),
        "to fetch array of rationals");
    if (l) {
        if (TIFFFetchData(tif, dir, (char *)l)) {
            uint32 i;
            for (i = 0; i < dir->tdir_count; i++) {
                ok = cvtRational(tif, dir,
                    l[2*i+0], l[2*i+1], &v[i]);
                if (!ok)
                    break;
            }
        }
        _TIFFfree((char *)l);
    }
    return (ok);
}

/*
 * Fetch an array of FLOAT values.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchFloatArray(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, float* v)
{

    if (dir->tdir_count == 1) {
        v[0] = *(float*) &dir->tdir_offset;
        TIFFCvtIEEEFloatToNative(tif, dir->tdir_count, v);
        return (1);
    } else  if (TIFFFetchData(tif, dir, (char*) v)) {
        TIFFCvtIEEEFloatToNative(tif, dir->tdir_count, v);
        return (1);
    } else
        return (0);
}

/*
 * Fetch an array of DOUBLE values.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchDoubleArray(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, double* v)
{
    if (TIFFFetchData(tif, dir, (char*) v)) {
        TIFFCvtIEEEDoubleToNative(tif, dir->tdir_count, v);
        return (1);
    } else
        return (0);
}

/*
 * Fetch an array of ANY values.  The actual values are
 * returned as doubles which should be able hold all the
 * types.  Yes, there really should be an tany_t to avoid
 * this potential non-portability ...  Note in particular
 * that we assume that the double return value vector is
 * large enough to read in any fundamental type.  We use
 * that vector as a buffer to read in the base type vector
 * and then convert it in place to double (from end
 * to front of course).
 */
static int
TIFFFetchAnyArray(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, double* v)
{
    int i;

    switch (dir->tdir_type) {
    case TIFF_BYTE:
    case TIFF_SBYTE:
        if (!TIFFFetchByteArray(tif, dir, (uint8*) v))
            return (0);
        if (dir->tdir_type == TIFF_BYTE) {
            uint8* vp = (uint8*) v;
            for (i = dir->tdir_count-1; i >= 0; i--)
                v[i] = vp[i];
        } else {
            int8* vp = (int8*) v;
            for (i = dir->tdir_count-1; i >= 0; i--)
                v[i] = vp[i];
        }
        break;
    case TIFF_SHORT:
    case TIFF_SSHORT:
        if (!TIFFFetchShortArray(tif, dir, (uint16*) v))
            return (0);
        if (dir->tdir_type == TIFF_SHORT) {
            uint16* vp = (uint16*) v;
            for (i = dir->tdir_count-1; i >= 0; i--)
                v[i] = vp[i];
        } else {
            int16* vp = (int16*) v;
            for (i = dir->tdir_count-1; i >= 0; i--)
                v[i] = vp[i];
        }
        break;
    case TIFF_LONG:
    case TIFF_SLONG:
        if (!TIFFFetchLongArray(tif, dir, (uint32*) v))
            return (0);
        if (dir->tdir_type == TIFF_LONG) {
            uint32* vp = (uint32*) v;
            for (i = dir->tdir_count-1; i >= 0; i--)
                v[i] = vp[i];
        } else {
            int32* vp = (int32*) v;
            for (i = dir->tdir_count-1; i >= 0; i--)
                v[i] = vp[i];
        }
        break;
    case TIFF_RATIONAL:
    case TIFF_SRATIONAL:
        if (!TIFFFetchRationalArray(tif, dir, (float*) v))
            return (0);
        { float* vp = (float*) v;
          for (i = dir->tdir_count-1; i >= 0; i--)
            v[i] = vp[i];
        }
        break;
    case TIFF_FLOAT:
        if (!TIFFFetchFloatArray(tif, dir, (float*) v))
            return (0);
        { float* vp = (float*) v;
          for (i = dir->tdir_count-1; i >= 0; i--)
            v[i] = vp[i];
        }
        break;
    case TIFF_DOUBLE:
        return (TIFFFetchDoubleArray(tif, dir, (double*) v));
    default:
        /* TIFF_NOTYPE */
        /* TIFF_ASCII */
        /* TIFF_UNDEFINED */
        TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, tif->tif_name,
                 "cannot read TIFF_ANY type %d for field \"%s\"",
                 dir->tdir_type,
                 _TIFFFieldWithTag(tif, dir->tdir_tag)->field_name);
        return (0);
    }
    return (1);
}

/*
 * Fetch a tag that is not handled by special case code.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchNormalTag(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dp)
{
    static const char mesg[] = "to fetch tag value";
    int ok = 0;
    const TIFFFieldInfo* fip = _TIFFFieldWithTag(tif, dp->tdir_tag);

    if (dp->tdir_count > 1) {       /* array of values */
        char* cp = NULL;

        switch (dp->tdir_type) {
        case TIFF_BYTE:
        case TIFF_SBYTE:
            cp = (char *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif,
                dp->tdir_count, sizeof (uint8), mesg);
            ok = cp && TIFFFetchByteArray(tif, dp, (uint8*) cp);
            break;
        case TIFF_SHORT:
        case TIFF_SSHORT:
            cp = (char *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif,
                dp->tdir_count, sizeof (uint16), mesg);
            ok = cp && TIFFFetchShortArray(tif, dp, (uint16*) cp);
            break;
        case TIFF_LONG:
        case TIFF_SLONG:
            cp = (char *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif,
                dp->tdir_count, sizeof (uint32), mesg);
            ok = cp && TIFFFetchLongArray(tif, dp, (uint32*) cp);
            break;
        case TIFF_RATIONAL:
        case TIFF_SRATIONAL:
            cp = (char *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif,
                dp->tdir_count, sizeof (float), mesg);
            ok = cp && TIFFFetchRationalArray(tif, dp, (float*) cp);
            break;
        case TIFF_FLOAT:
            cp = (char *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif,
                dp->tdir_count, sizeof (float), mesg);
            ok = cp && TIFFFetchFloatArray(tif, dp, (float*) cp);
            break;
        case TIFF_DOUBLE:
            cp = (char *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif,
                dp->tdir_count, sizeof (double), mesg);
            ok = cp && TIFFFetchDoubleArray(tif, dp, (double*) cp);
            break;
        case TIFF_ASCII:
        case TIFF_UNDEFINED:        /* bit of a cheat... */
            /*
             * Some vendors write strings w/o the trailing
             * NULL byte, so always append one just in case.
             */
            cp = (char *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, dp->tdir_count + 1,
                              1, mesg);
            if( (ok = (cp && TIFFFetchString(tif, dp, cp))) != 0 )
                cp[dp->tdir_count] = '\0';  /* XXX */
            break;
        }
        if (ok) {
            ok = (fip->field_passcount ?
                TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, dp->tdir_count, cp)
              : TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, cp));
        }
        if (cp != NULL)
            _TIFFfree(cp);
    } else if (CheckDirCount(tif, dp, 1)) { /* singleton value */
        switch (dp->tdir_type) {
        case TIFF_BYTE:
        case TIFF_SBYTE:
        case TIFF_SHORT:
        case TIFF_SSHORT:
            /*
             * If the tag is also acceptable as a LONG or SLONG
             * then TIFFSetField will expect an uint32 parameter
             * passed to it (through varargs).  Thus, for machines
             * where sizeof (int) != sizeof (uint32) we must do
             * a careful check here.  It's hard to say if this
             * is worth optimizing.
             *
             * NB: We use TIFFFieldWithTag here knowing that
             *     it returns us the first entry in the table
             *     for the tag and that that entry is for the
             *     widest potential data type the tag may have.
             */
            { TIFFDataType type = fip->field_type;
              if (type != TIFF_LONG && type != TIFF_SLONG) {
                uint16 v = (uint16)
               TIFFExtractData(tif, dp->tdir_type, dp->tdir_offset);
                ok = (fip->field_passcount ?
                    TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, 1, &v)
                  : TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, v));
                break;
              }
            }
            /* fall thru... */
        case TIFF_LONG:
        case TIFF_SLONG:
            { uint32 v32 =
            TIFFExtractData(tif, dp->tdir_type, dp->tdir_offset);
              ok = (fip->field_passcount ? 
                  TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, 1, &v32)
                : TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, v32));
            }
            break;
        case TIFF_RATIONAL:
        case TIFF_SRATIONAL:
        case TIFF_FLOAT:
            { float v = (dp->tdir_type == TIFF_FLOAT ? 
                  TIFFFetchFloat(tif, dp)
                : TIFFFetchRational(tif, dp));
              ok = (fip->field_passcount ?
                  TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, 1, &v)
                : TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, v));
            }
            break;
        case TIFF_DOUBLE:
            { double v;
              ok = (TIFFFetchDoubleArray(tif, dp, &v) &&
                (fip->field_passcount ?
                  TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, 1, &v)
                : TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, v))
              );
            }
            break;
        case TIFF_ASCII:
        case TIFF_UNDEFINED:        /* bit of a cheat... */
            { char c[2];
              if( (ok = (TIFFFetchString(tif, dp, c) != 0)) != 0 ) {
                c[1] = '\0';        /* XXX paranoid */
                ok = (fip->field_passcount ?
                    TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, 1, c)
                      : TIFFSetField(tif, dp->tdir_tag, c));
              }
            }
            break;
        }
    }
    return (ok);
}

#define NITEMS(x)   (sizeof (x) / sizeof (x[0]))
/*
 * Fetch samples/pixel short values for 
 * the specified tag and verify that
 * all values are the same.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchPerSampleShorts(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, uint16* pl)
{
    uint16 samples = tif->tif_dir.td_samplesperpixel;
    int status = 0;

    if (CheckDirCount(tif, dir, (uint32) samples)) {
        uint16 buf[10];
        uint16* v = buf;

        if (dir->tdir_count > NITEMS(buf))
            v = (uint16*) _TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, dir->tdir_count, sizeof(uint16),
                                      "to fetch per-sample values");
        if (v && TIFFFetchShortArray(tif, dir, v)) {
            uint16 i;
            int check_count = dir->tdir_count;
            if( samples < check_count )
                check_count = samples;

            for (i = 1; i < check_count; i++)
                if (v[i] != v[0]) {
                    TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, tif->tif_name,
                              "Cannot handle different per-sample values for field \"%s\"",
                              _TIFFFieldWithTag(tif, dir->tdir_tag)->field_name);
                    goto bad;
                }
            *pl = v[0];
            status = 1;
        }
      bad:
        if (v && v != buf)
            _TIFFfree(v);
    }
    return (status);
}

/*
 * Fetch samples/pixel long values for 
 * the specified tag and verify that
 * all values are the same.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchPerSampleLongs(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, uint32* pl)
{
    uint16 samples = tif->tif_dir.td_samplesperpixel;
    int status = 0;

    if (CheckDirCount(tif, dir, (uint32) samples)) {
        uint32 buf[10];
        uint32* v = buf;

        if (dir->tdir_count > NITEMS(buf))
            v = (uint32*) _TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, dir->tdir_count, sizeof(uint32),
                                      "to fetch per-sample values");
        if (v && TIFFFetchLongArray(tif, dir, v)) {
            uint16 i;
            int check_count = dir->tdir_count;

            if( samples < check_count )
                check_count = samples;
            for (i = 1; i < check_count; i++)
                if (v[i] != v[0]) {
                    TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, tif->tif_name,
                              "Cannot handle different per-sample values for field \"%s\"",
                              _TIFFFieldWithTag(tif, dir->tdir_tag)->field_name);
                    goto bad;
                }
            *pl = v[0];
            status = 1;
        }
      bad:
        if (v && v != buf)
            _TIFFfree(v);
    }
    return (status);
}

/*
 * Fetch samples/pixel ANY values for the specified tag and verify that all
 * values are the same.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchPerSampleAnys(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, double* pl)
{
    uint16 samples = tif->tif_dir.td_samplesperpixel;
    int status = 0;

    if (CheckDirCount(tif, dir, (uint32) samples)) {
        double buf[10];
        double* v = buf;

        if (dir->tdir_count > NITEMS(buf))
            v = (double*) _TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, dir->tdir_count, sizeof (double),
                                      "to fetch per-sample values");
        if (v && TIFFFetchAnyArray(tif, dir, v)) {
            uint16 i;
            int check_count = dir->tdir_count;
            if( samples < check_count )
                check_count = samples;

            for (i = 1; i < check_count; i++)
                if (v[i] != v[0]) {
                    TIFFErrorExt(tif->tif_clientdata, tif->tif_name,
                              "Cannot handle different per-sample values for field \"%s\"",
                              _TIFFFieldWithTag(tif, dir->tdir_tag)->field_name);
                    goto bad;
                }
            *pl = v[0];
            status = 1;
        }
      bad:
        if (v && v != buf)
            _TIFFfree(v);
    }
    return (status);
}
#undef NITEMS

/*
 * Fetch a set of offsets or lengths.
 * While this routine says "strips", in fact it's also used for tiles.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchStripThing(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir, long nstrips, uint32** lpp)
{
    register uint32* lp;
    int status;

        CheckDirCount(tif, dir, (uint32) nstrips);

    /*
     * Allocate space for strip information.
     */
    if (*lpp == NULL &&
        (*lpp = (uint32 *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif,
          nstrips, sizeof (uint32), "for strip array")) == NULL)
        return (0);
    lp = *lpp;
        _TIFFmemset( lp, 0, sizeof(uint32) * nstrips );

    if (dir->tdir_type == (int)TIFF_SHORT) {
        /*
         * Handle uint16->uint32 expansion.
         */
        uint16* dp = (uint16*) _TIFFCheckMalloc(tif,
            dir->tdir_count, sizeof (uint16), "to fetch strip tag");
        if (dp == NULL)
            return (0);
        if( (status = TIFFFetchShortArray(tif, dir, dp)) != 0 ) {
                    int i;
                    
                    for( i = 0; i < nstrips && i < (int) dir->tdir_count; i++ )
                    {
                        lp[i] = dp[i];
                    }
        }
        _TIFFfree((char*) dp);

        } else if( nstrips != (int) dir->tdir_count ) {
            /* Special case to correct length */

            uint32* dp = (uint32*) _TIFFCheckMalloc(tif,
            dir->tdir_count, sizeof (uint32), "to fetch strip tag");
            if (dp == NULL)
                return (0);

            status = TIFFFetchLongArray(tif, dir, dp);
            if( status != 0 ) {
                int i;

                for( i = 0; i < nstrips && i < (int) dir->tdir_count; i++ )
                {
                    lp[i] = dp[i];
                }
            }

            _TIFFfree( (char *) dp );
    } else
            status = TIFFFetchLongArray(tif, dir, lp);
        
    return (status);
}

/*
 * Fetch and set the RefBlackWhite tag.
 */
static int
TIFFFetchRefBlackWhite(TIFF* tif, TIFFDirEntry* dir)
{
    static const char mesg[] = "for \"ReferenceBlackWhite\" array";
    char* cp;
    int ok;

    if (dir->tdir_type == TIFF_RATIONAL)
        return (TIFFFetchNormalTag(tif, dir));
    /*
     * Handle LONG's for backward compatibility.
     */
    cp = (char *)_TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, dir->tdir_count,
                      sizeof (uint32), mesg);
    if( (ok = (cp && TIFFFetchLongArray(tif, dir, (uint32*) cp))) != 0) {
        float* fp = (float*)
            _TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, dir->tdir_count, sizeof (float), mesg);
        if( (ok = (fp != NULL)) != 0 ) {
            uint32 i;
            for (i = 0; i < dir->tdir_count; i++)
                fp[i] = (float)((uint32*) cp)[i];
            ok = TIFFSetField(tif, dir->tdir_tag, fp);
            _TIFFfree((char*) fp);
        }
    }
    if (cp)
        _TIFFfree(cp);
    return (ok);
}

/*
 * Replace a single strip (tile) of uncompressed data by
 * multiple strips (tiles), each approximately 8Kbytes.
 * This is useful for dealing with large images or
 * for dealing with machines with a limited amount
 * memory.
 */
static void
ChopUpSingleUncompressedStrip(TIFF* tif)
{
    register TIFFDirectory *td = &tif->tif_dir;
    uint32 bytecount = td->td_stripbytecount[0];
    uint32 offset = td->td_stripoffset[0];
    tsize_t rowbytes = TIFFVTileSize(tif, 1), stripbytes;
    tstrip_t strip, nstrips, rowsperstrip;
    uint32* newcounts;
    uint32* newoffsets;

    /*
     * Make the rows hold at least one scanline, but fill specified amount
     * of data if possible.
     */
    if (rowbytes > STRIP_SIZE_DEFAULT) {
        stripbytes = rowbytes;
        rowsperstrip = 1;
    } else if (rowbytes > 0 ) {
        rowsperstrip = STRIP_SIZE_DEFAULT / rowbytes;
        stripbytes = rowbytes * rowsperstrip;
    }
        else
            return;

    /* 
     * never increase the number of strips in an image
     */
    if (rowsperstrip >= td->td_rowsperstrip)
        return;
    nstrips = (tstrip_t) TIFFhowmany(bytecount, stripbytes);
        if( nstrips == 0 ) /* something is wonky, do nothing. */
            return;

    newcounts = (uint32*) _TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, nstrips, sizeof (uint32),
                "for chopped \"StripByteCounts\" array");
    newoffsets = (uint32*) _TIFFCheckMalloc(tif, nstrips, sizeof (uint32),
                "for chopped \"StripOffsets\" array");
    if (newcounts == NULL || newoffsets == NULL) {
            /*
         * Unable to allocate new strip information, give
         * up and use the original one strip information.
         */
        if (newcounts != NULL)
            _TIFFfree(newcounts);
        if (newoffsets != NULL)
            _TIFFfree(newoffsets);
        return;
    }
    /*
     * Fill the strip information arrays with new bytecounts and offsets
     * that reflect the broken-up format.
     */
    for (strip = 0; strip < nstrips; strip++) {
        if (stripbytes > (tsize_t) bytecount)
            stripbytes = bytecount;
        newcounts[strip] = stripbytes;
        newoffsets[strip] = offset;
        offset += stripbytes;
        bytecount -= stripbytes;
    }
    /*
     * Replace old single strip info with multi-strip info.
     */
    td->td_stripsperimage = td->td_nstrips = nstrips;
    TIFFSetField(tif, TIFFTAG_ROWSPERSTRIP, rowsperstrip);

    _TIFFfree(td->td_stripbytecount);
    _TIFFfree(td->td_stripoffset);
    td->td_stripbytecount = newcounts;
    td->td_stripoffset = newoffsets;
    td->td_stripbytecountsorted = 1;
}

/* vim: set ts=8 sts=8 sw=8 noet: */