Basic Scene Setup

Setting up the rendering of a simple scene

The following example shows how to implement a simple 3D application by simply subclassing the UIEventListener class. The example below uses the vlWin32 bindings but the concepts remain valid for other bindings as well.

Complete source: src/examples/Win32_direct.cpp

#include <vlCore/VisualizationLibrary.hpp>
#include <vlCore/Time.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/Rendering.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/SceneManagerActorTree.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/Geometry.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/GeometryPrimitives.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/Light.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/TrackballManipulator.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/UIEventListener.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/OpenGLContext.hpp>
#include <vlWin32/Win32Window.hpp>

class MyApplet: public vl::UIEventListener
{
public:
  MyApplet()
  {
    // allocate rendering and scene manager
    mRendering    = new vl::Rendering;
    mSceneManager = new vl::SceneManagerActorTree;
    mRendering->sceneManagers()->push_back( mSceneManager.get() );
  }

  // ----- UIEventListener -----

  virtual void initEvent()
  {
    // --- scene setup ---

    // bind the Transform with the transform tree of the rendring pipeline
    mCubeTransform = new vl::Transform;
    rendering()->transform()->addChild( mCubeTransform.get() );

    // create the teapot's Geometry and compute its normals to support lighting
    vl::ref<vl::Geometry> teapot = vl::makeTeapot( vl::vec3(0,0,0), 15 );
    teapot->computeNormals();

    // setup the effect to be used to render the teapot
    vl::ref<vl::Effect> effect = new vl::Effect;
    // enable depth test and lighting
    effect->shader()->enable(vl::EN_DEPTH_TEST);
    // add a Light to the scene, since no Transform is associated to the Light it will follow the camera
    effect->shader()->setRenderState( new vl::Light, 0 );
    // enable the standard OpenGL lighting
    effect->shader()->enable(vl::EN_LIGHTING);
    // set the front and back material color of the teapot
    // "gocMaterial" stands for "get-or-create Material"
    effect->shader()->gocMaterial()->setDiffuse( vl::gold );
    effect->shader()->gocMaterial()->setSpecular( vl::white );
    effect->shader()->gocMaterial()->setShininess( 60 );

    // add actor to the scene
    sceneManager()->tree()->addActor( teapot.get(), effect.get(), mCubeTransform.get()  );

    // --- render target, viewport, camera position ---

    // install the render target belonging to the opengl window
    rendering()->renderer()->setFramebuffer( openglContext()->framebuffer() );

    // set clear color to white
    rendering()->camera()->viewport()->setClearColor( vl::white );

    // define the camera position and orientation
    vl::vec3 eye    = vl::vec3(0,10,20); // camera position
    vl::vec3 center = vl::vec3(0,0,0);   // point the camera is looking at
    vl::vec3 up     = vl::vec3(0,1,0);   // up direction
    vl::mat4 view_mat = vl::mat4::getLookAt(eye, center, up);
    rendering()->camera()->setViewMatrix( view_mat );

    // --- trackball manipulator ---

    vl::ref<vl::TrackballManipulator> trackball = new vl::TrackballManipulator;
    // bind the camera to be manipulated
    trackball->setCamera( rendering()->camera() );
    // manipulate the camera's transform
    trackball->setTransform(NULL);
    // rotation pivot coordinates
    trackball->setPivot( vl::vec3(0,0,0) );
    // install the trackball
    openglContext()->addEventListener(trackball.get());
  }

  virtual void updateEvent()
  {
    // --- scene update ---

    // rotates the teapot around the Y axis 15 degrees per second
    vl::real degrees = vl::Time::currentTime() * 15;
    vl::mat4 matrix = vl::mat4::getRotation( degrees, 0,1,0 );
    mCubeTransform->setLocalMatrix( matrix );

    // --- rendering ---

    // set frame time (used for animation updates etc.)
    rendering()->setFrameClock( vl::Time::currentTime() );

    // execute rendering
    rendering()->render();

    // swap back and front buffers
    if ( openglContext()->hasDoubleBuffer() )
      openglContext()->swapBuffers();
  }

  virtual void resizeEvent(int w, int h)
  {
    // update viewport dimensions
    rendering()->camera()->viewport()->set( 0, 0, w, h );

    // update the projection matrix
    vl::mat4 proj_matr = vl::mat4::getPerspective( 60 /*FOV*/, (float)w/h, 5/*near plane*/, 100/*far plane*/);
    rendering()->camera()->setProjectionMatrix( proj_matr, vl::PMT_PerspectiveProjection );

    /* can also be done like this:
    (the camera already knows the viewport dimensions and aspect ratio)
    rendering()->camera()->setProjectionPerspective( 60, 5, 100 ); */
  }

  virtual void destroyEvent() {}

  virtual void enableEvent(bool) {}

  virtual void addedListenerEvent(vl::OpenGLContext*) {}

  virtual void removedListenerEvent(vl::OpenGLContext*) {}

  virtual void mouseMoveEvent(int, int) {}

  virtual void mouseUpEvent(vl::EMouseButton, int, int) {}

  virtual void mouseDownEvent(vl::EMouseButton, int, int) {}

  virtual void mouseWheelEvent(int) {}

  virtual void keyPressEvent(unsigned short, vl::EKey) {}

  virtual void keyReleaseEvent(unsigned short, vl::EKey) {}

  virtual void fileDroppedEvent(const std::vector<vl::String>&) {}

  virtual void visibilityEvent(bool) {}

  // ----- user methods -----

  const vl::Rendering* rendering() const { return mRendering.get(); }
  vl::Rendering* rendering() { return mRendering.get(); }

  const vl::SceneManagerActorTree* sceneManager() const { return mSceneManager.get(); }
  vl::SceneManagerActorTree* sceneManager() { return mSceneManager.get(); }

public:
  vl::ref<vl::Rendering> mRendering;
  vl::ref<vl::SceneManagerActorTree> mSceneManager;
  vl::ref<vl::Transform> mCubeTransform;
};

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE /*hCurrentInst*/, HINSTANCE /*hPreviousInst*/, LPSTR /*lpszCmdLine*/, int /*nCmdShow*/)
{
  /* open a console so we can see the applet's output on stdout */
  vl::showWin32Console();

  /* init Visualization Library */
  vl::VisualizationLibrary::init();

  /* setup the OpenGL context format */
  vl::OpenGLContextFormat format;
  format.setDoubleBuffer(true);
  format.setRGBABits( 8,8,8,0 );
  format.setDepthBufferBits(24);
  format.setStencilBufferBits(8);
  format.setFullscreen(false);
  format.setMultisampleSamples(16);
  format.setMultisample(false);

  /* Initialize the OpenGL context and window properties */
  vl::ref<vlWin32::Win32Window> win32_window = new vlWin32::Win32Window;
  int x = 0, y = 0, width = 512, height= 512;
  win32_window->initWin32GLWindow(NULL, NULL, "Golden Teapot", format, x, y, width, height );

  /* bind the applet so it receives all the GUI events related to the OpenGLContext */
  win32_window->addEventListener( new MyApplet );

  /* show the window */
  win32_window->show();

  /* run the Win32 message loop */
  int res = vlWin32::messageLoop();

  /* deallocate the window with all the OpenGL resources before shutting down Visualization Library */
  win32_window = NULL;

  /* shutdown Visualization Library */
  vl::VisualizationLibrary::shutdown();

  return res;
}
// Have fun!

---

Implementing a rotating cube using the vl::Applet utility class

Visualization Library comes with several utility components to quickly develop applictions under several GUI frameworks. The vl::Applet class is an utility class that implements an event-driven application with a default rendering pipeline. Below is a practical examples of how to implement a vl::Applet that renders a spinning cube and how to use it (unchanged!) with Win32, MFC, Qt4, SDL and GLUT!

The vl::Applet subclasses the UIEventListener in a way very similar to the MyApplet class seen in the example above, but provides a few useful "pre-packaged" services such as quitting the application by pressing ESC, swticthing to fullscreen by pressing F1, taking a screenshot by pressing F5, both tracball and ghost manipulators etc. See the documentation page of vl::Applet for more information.

Complete source: src/examples/Applets/App_RotatingCube.hpp

#include <vlGraphics/Applet.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/GeometryPrimitives.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/SceneManagerActorTree.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/Rendering.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/Actor.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/Effect.hpp>
#include <vlCore/Time.hpp>
#include <vlGraphics/Light.hpp>

class App_RotatingCube: public vl::Applet
{
public:
  // called once after the OpenGL window has been opened
  void initEvent()
  {
    // allocate the Transform
    mCubeTransform = new vl::Transform;
    // bind the Transform with the transform tree of the rendring pipeline
    rendering()->as<vl::Rendering>()->transform()->addChild( mCubeTransform.get() );

    // create the cube's Geometry and compute its normals to support lighting
    vl::ref<vl::Geometry> cube = vl::makeBox( vl::vec3(0,0,0), 10, 10, 10 );
    cube->computeNormals();

    // setup the effect to be used to render the cube
    vl::ref<vl::Effect> effect = new vl::Effect;
    // enable depth test and lighting
    effect->shader()->enable(vl::EN_DEPTH_TEST);
    // add a Light to the scene, since no Transform is associated to the Light it will follow the camera
    effect->shader()->setRenderState( new vl::Light, 0 );
    // enable the standard OpenGL lighting
    effect->shader()->enable(vl::EN_LIGHTING);
    // set the front and back material color of the cube
    // "gocMaterial" stands for "get-or-create Material"
    effect->shader()->gocMaterial()->setDiffuse( vl::crimson );

    // install our scene manager, we use the SceneManagerActorTree which is the most generic
    vl::ref<vl::SceneManagerActorTree> scene_manager = new vl::SceneManagerActorTree;
    rendering()->as<vl::Rendering>()->sceneManagers()->push_back(scene_manager.get());
    // add the cube to the scene using the previously defined effect and transform
    scene_manager->tree()->addActor( cube.get(), effect.get(), mCubeTransform.get()  );
  }

  // called every frame
  virtual void updateScene()
  {
    // rotates the cube around the Y axis 45 degrees per second
    vl::real degrees = vl::Time::currentTime() * 45.0f;
    vl::mat4 matrix = vl::mat4::getRotation( degrees, 0,1,0 );
    mCubeTransform->setLocalMatrix( matrix );
  }

protected:
  vl::ref<vl::Transform> mCubeTransform;
};
// Have fun!

Using the Qt4 Utility Bindings

Complete source: src/examples/Qt4_example.cpp

#include <vlCore/VisualizationLibrary.hpp>
#include <vlQt4/Qt4Widget.hpp>
#include "Applets/App_RotatingCube.hpp"

using namespace vl;
using namespace vlQt4;

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  QApplication app(argc, argv);

  /* init Visualization Library */
  VisualizationLibrary::init();

  /* setup the OpenGL context format */
  OpenGLContextFormat format;
  format.setDoubleBuffer(true);
  format.setRGBABits( 8,8,8,0 );
  format.setDepthBufferBits(24);
  format.setStencilBufferBits(8);
  format.setMultisampleSamples(16);
  format.setMultisample(false);
  format.setFullscreen(false);
  //format.setOpenGLProfile( GLP_Core );
  //format.setVersion( 3, 3 );

  /* create the applet to be run */
  ref<Applet> applet = new App_RotatingCube;
  applet->initialize();
  /* create a native Qt4 window */
  ref<vlQt4::Qt4Widget> qt4_window = new vlQt4::Qt4Widget;
  /* bind the applet so it receives all the GUI events related to the OpenGLContext */
  qt4_window->addEventListener(applet.get());
  /* target the window so we can render on it */
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->renderer()->setFramebuffer( qt4_window->framebuffer() );
  /* black background */
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->camera()->viewport()->setClearColor( black );
  /* define the camera position and orientation */
  vec3 eye    = vec3(0,10,35); // camera position
  vec3 center = vec3(0,0,0);   // point the camera is looking at
  vec3 up     = vec3(0,1,0);   // up direction
  mat4 view_mat = mat4::getLookAt(eye, center, up);
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->camera()->setViewMatrix( view_mat );
  /* Initialize the OpenGL context and window properties */
  int x = 10;
  int y = 10;
  int width = 512;
  int height= 512;
  qt4_window->initQt4Widget( "Visualization Library on Qt 4 - Rotating Cube", format, NULL, x, y, width, height );
  /* show the window */
  qt4_window->show();

  /* run the Win32 message loop */
  int val = app.exec();

  /* deallocate the window with all the OpenGL resources before shutting down Visualization Library */
  qt4_window = NULL;

  /* shutdown Visualization Library */
  VisualizationLibrary::shutdown();

  return val;
}
// Have fun!

Using the wxWidgets Utility Bindings

Complete source: src/examples/WX_example.cpp

#include <vlWX/WXGLCanvas.hpp>
#include <vlCore/VisualizationLibrary.hpp>
#include "Applets/App_RotatingCube.hpp"

using namespace vlWX;
using namespace vl;

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// main window
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
class MyFrame: public wxFrame
{
public:
  MyFrame(wxWindow *parent, const wxString& title, const wxPoint& pos, const wxSize& size, long style = wxDEFAULT_FRAME_STYLE):
    wxFrame(parent, wxID_ANY, title, pos, size, style) {}
  ~MyFrame(){}
};
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// implement the application
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
class MyApp: public wxApp
{
public:
  bool OnInit();
  int OnExit();
};
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
IMPLEMENT_APP(MyApp)
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
bool MyApp::OnInit()
{
  /* open a console so we can see the applet's output on stdout */
  showWin32Console();

  /* init Visualization Library */
  VisualizationLibrary::init();

  MyFrame *frame = new MyFrame(NULL, L"WXGLCanvas", wxDefaultPosition, wxSize(400, 300));

  // Initialize the OpenGL context and window properties
  // See: https://docs.wxwidgets.org/3.1/glcanvas_8h.html#wxGL_FLAGS
  int gl_context_format[] =
  {
    WX_GL_RGBA,
    WX_GL_DOUBLEBUFFER,
    WX_GL_STENCIL_SIZE, 8,
    WX_GL_LEVEL, 0,
    //wx_GL_COMPAT_PROFILE,
    //WX_GL_SAMPLE_BUFFERS, 1,
    //WX_GL_SAMPLES, 4,
    //WX_GL_MIN_RED, 8,
    //WX_GL_MIN_GREEN, 8,
    //WX_GL_MIN_BLUE, 8,
    //WX_GL_MIN_ALPHA, 8,
    //WX_GL_DEPTH_SIZE, 24,
    0
  };
  ref<WXGLCanvas> vl_gl_canvas = new WXGLCanvas( 
    frame,                    // parent
    wxID_ANY,                 // id
    gl_context_format,        // attribList
    wxDefaultPosition,        // pos
    wxDefaultSize,            // size
    wxFULL_REPAINT_ON_RESIZE, // style
    "GLCanvas",               // name
    wxNullPalette             // palette
  );

  /* create the applet to be run */
  ref<Applet> applet = new App_RotatingCube;

  applet->initialize();

  /* target the window so we can render on it */
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->renderer()->setFramebuffer( vl_gl_canvas->framebuffer() );

  /* black background */
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->camera()->viewport()->setClearColor( black );

  /* define the camera position and orientation */
  vec3 eye    = vec3(0,10,35); // camera position
  vec3 center = vec3(0,0,0);   // point the camera is looking at
  vec3 up     = vec3(0,1,0);   // up direction
  mat4 view_mat = mat4::getLookAt(eye, center, up);
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->camera()->setViewMatrix( view_mat );

  /* show the window */
  frame->Show();

  /* THE ORDER IS IMPORTANT IMPORTANT */
  vl_gl_canvas->initGLContext();

  /* bind the applet so it receives all the GUI events related to the OpenGLContext */
  vl_gl_canvas->addEventListener(applet.get());

  /* these must be done after the window is visible */
  int x = 0;
  int y = 0;
  int width = 512;
  int height= 512;
  frame->SetPosition( wxPoint(x,y) );
  frame->SetClientSize( wxSize(width,height) );
  frame->SetLabel(wxT("Visualization Library on wxWindows - Rotating Cube"));

  return true;
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
int MyApp::OnExit()
{
  VisualizationLibrary::shutdown();
  return 0;
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Have fun!

Using the Win32 Utility Bindings

Complete source: src/examples/Win32_example.cpp

#include <vlCore/VisualizationLibrary.hpp>
#include <vlWin32/Win32Window.hpp>
#include "Applets/App_RotatingCube.hpp"

using namespace vl;
using namespace vlWin32;

int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE /*hCurrentInst*/, HINSTANCE /*hPreviousInst*/, LPSTR /*lpszCmdLine*/, int /*nCmdShow*/)
{
  /* open a console so we can see the applet's output on stdout */
  showWin32Console();

  /* init Visualization Library */
  VisualizationLibrary::init();

  /* setup the OpenGL context format */
  OpenGLContextFormat format;
  format.setDoubleBuffer(true);
  format.setRGBABits( 8,8,8,0 );
  format.setDepthBufferBits(24);
  format.setStencilBufferBits(8);
  format.setFullscreen(false);
  format.setMultisampleSamples(16);
  format.setMultisample(false);

  /* create the applet to be run */
  ref<Applet> applet = new App_RotatingCube;
  applet->initialize();

  /* create a native Win32 window */
  ref<vlWin32::Win32Window> win32_window = new vlWin32::Win32Window;

  /* bind the applet so it receives all the GUI events related to the OpenGLContext */
  win32_window->addEventListener(applet.get());

  /* target the window so we can render on it */
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->renderer()->setFramebuffer( win32_window->framebuffer() );

  /* black background */
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->camera()->viewport()->setClearColor( black );

  /* define the camera position and orientation */
  vec3 eye    = vec3(0,10,35); // camera position
  vec3 center = vec3(0,0,0);   // point the camera is looking at
  vec3 up     = vec3(0,1,0);   // up direction
  mat4 view_mat = mat4::getLookAt(eye, center, up);
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->camera()->setViewMatrix( view_mat );

  /* Initialize the OpenGL context and window properties */
  int x = 0;
  int y = 0;
  int width = 512;
  int height= 512;
  win32_window->initWin32GLWindow(NULL, NULL, "Visualization Library on Win32 - Rotating Cube", format, x, y, width, height );

  /* show the window */
  win32_window->show();

  /* run the Win32 message loop */
  int res = vlWin32::messageLoop();

  /* deallocate the window with all the OpenGL resources before shutting down Visualization Library */
  win32_window = NULL;

  /* shutdown Visualization Library */
  VisualizationLibrary::shutdown();

  return res;
}
// Have fun!

Using the MFC Utility Bindings

Complete source: src/examples/MFC_example/MFC_example.cpp

#include "StdAfx.h"
#include <vlCore/VisualizationLibrary.hpp>
#include <vlMFC/MFCWindow.hpp>
#include "Applets/App_RotatingCube.hpp"

using namespace vl;
using namespace vlMFC;

/* MFC_Example: implements the MFC application */
class MFC_Example: public CWinApp
{
public:
  MFC_Example() {}

  virtual BOOL InitInstance();
  virtual int ExitInstance();
  /*virtual int Run();*/
  virtual BOOL OnIdle(LONG lCount);

protected:
  ref<MFCWindow> mVLCWin;

  DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP ()
};
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(MFC_Example, CWinApp)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

/* instance of the MFC application */
MFC_Example mfc_app;

/* updates the GL window */
BOOL MFC_Example::OnIdle(LONG lCount)
{
  if( mVLCWin->continuousUpdate() )
    mVLCWin->Win32Context::update();
  else
    Sleep(1);
  return TRUE;
}

/* called when the application exits */
int MFC_Example::ExitInstance()
{
  CWinApp::ExitInstance();

  /* destroy the window and the OpenGL rendering context */
  mVLCWin = NULL;

  /* shutdown Visualization Library */
  VisualizationLibrary::shutdown();

  return 0;
}

/* called when the application starts */
BOOL MFC_Example::InitInstance()
{
  CWinApp::InitInstance();

  /* open a console so we can see the program's output on stdout */
  showWin32Console();

  /* init Visualization Library */
  VisualizationLibrary::init();

  /* setup the OpenGL context format */
  OpenGLContextFormat format;
  format.setDoubleBuffer(true);
  format.setRGBABits( 8,8,8,0 );
  format.setDepthBufferBits(24);
  format.setStencilBufferBits(8);
  format.setFullscreen(false);
  format.setMultisampleSamples(16);
  format.setMultisample(true);

  /* create the applet to be run */
  ref<Applet> applet = new App_RotatingCube;
  applet->initialize();
  /* instance the MFC window/OpenGLContext */
  mVLCWin = new MFCWindow;
  /* bind the applet so it receives all the GUI events related to the OpenGLContext */
  mVLCWin->addEventListener(applet.get());
  /* target the window so we can render on it */
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->renderer()->setFramebuffer( mVLCWin->framebuffer() );
  /* black background */
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->camera()->viewport()->setClearColor( black );
  /* define the camera position and orientation */
  vec3 eye    = vec3(0,10,35); // camera position
  vec3 center = vec3(0,0,0);   // point the camera is looking at
  vec3 up     = vec3(0,1,0);   // up direction
  mat4 view_mat = mat4::getLookAt(eye, center, up);
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->camera()->setViewMatrix( view_mat );
  /* Initialize the OpenGL context and window properties */
  int x = 100;
  int y = 100;
  int width = 512;
  int height= 512;
  mVLCWin->initMFCWindow(NULL, NULL, "Visualization Library on MFC - Rotating Cube", format, x, y, width, height);

  /* MFC specific stuff */
  m_pMainWnd = mVLCWin.get();
  m_pMainWnd->ShowWindow(m_nCmdShow);
  m_pMainWnd->UpdateWindow();

  return TRUE;
}
// Have fun!

Using the SDL GUI Utility Bindings

Complete source: src/examples/SDL_example.cpp

#include <vlCore/VisualizationLibrary.hpp>
#include <vlSDL/SDLWindow.hpp>
#include "Applets/App_RotatingCube.hpp"

using namespace vl;

int main(int argc, char* args[])
{
  /* init Visualization Library */
  VisualizationLibrary::init();

  /* setup the OpenGL context format */
  OpenGLContextFormat format;
  format.setDoubleBuffer(true);
  format.setRGBABits( 8,8,8,0 );
  format.setDepthBufferBits(24);
  format.setStencilBufferBits(8);
  format.setFullscreen(false);
  //format.setMultisampleSamples(16);
  //format.setMultisample(true);

  /* create the applet to be run */
  ref<Applet> applet = new App_RotatingCube;
  applet->initialize();
  /* create a native SDL window */
  ref<vlSDL::SDLWindow> sdl_window = new vlSDL::SDLWindow;
  /* bind the applet so it receives all the GUI events related to the OpenGLContext */
  sdl_window->addEventListener(applet.get());
  /* target the window so we can render on it */
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->renderer()->setFramebuffer( sdl_window->framebuffer() );
  /* black background */
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->camera()->viewport()->setClearColor( black );
  /* define the camera position and orientation */
  vec3 eye    = vec3(0,10,35); // camera position
  vec3 center = vec3(0,0,0);   // point the camera is looking at
  vec3 up     = vec3(0,1,0);   // up direction
  mat4 view_mat = mat4::getLookAt(eye, center, up);
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->camera()->setViewMatrix( view_mat );
  /* Initialize the OpenGL context and window properties */
  int x = 0;
  int y = 0;
  int width = 512;
  int height= 512;
  sdl_window->initSDLWindow( "Visualization Library on SDL - Rotating Cube", format, x, y, width, height );

  /* run SDL message loop */
  vlSDL::messageLoop();

  /* deallocate the window with all the OpenGL resources before shutting down Visualization Library */
  sdl_window = NULL;

  /* shutdown Visualization Library */
  VisualizationLibrary::shutdown();

  return 0;
}
// Have fun!

Using the GLUT GUI Utility Bindings

Complete source: src/examples/GLUT_example.cpp

#include <vlCore/VisualizationLibrary.hpp>
#include <vlGLUT/GLUTWindow.hpp>
#include "Applets/App_RotatingCube.hpp"

using namespace vl;

int main ( int argc, char *argv[] )
{
  /* init GLUT */
  int pargc = argc;
  glutInit( &pargc, argv );

  /* init Visualization Library */
  VisualizationLibrary::init();

  /* install Visualization Library shutdown function */
  atexit( vlGLUT::atexit_visualization_library_shutdown );

  /* setup the OpenGL context format */
  OpenGLContextFormat format;
  format.setDoubleBuffer(true);
  format.setRGBABits( 8,8,8,0 );
  format.setDepthBufferBits(24);
  format.setStencilBufferBits(8);
  format.setMultisampleSamples(16);
  format.setMultisample(false);
  format.setFullscreen(false);
  //format.setOpenGLProfile( GLP_Core );
  //format.setVersion( 3, 3 );

  /* create the applet to be run */
  ref<Applet> applet = new App_RotatingCube;
  applet->initialize();
  /* create a native GLUT window */
  ref<vlGLUT::GLUTWindow> glut_window = new vlGLUT::GLUTWindow;
  /* bind the applet so it receives all the GUI events related to the OpenGLContext */
  glut_window->addEventListener(applet.get());
  /* target the window so we can render on it */
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->renderer()->setFramebuffer( glut_window->framebuffer() );
  /* black background */
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->camera()->viewport()->setClearColor( black );
  /* define the camera position and orientation */
  vec3 eye    = vec3(0,10,35); // camera position
  vec3 center = vec3(0,0,0);   // point the camera is looking at
  vec3 up     = vec3(0,1,0);   // up direction
  mat4 view_mat = mat4::getLookAt(eye, center, up);
  applet->rendering()->as<Rendering>()->camera()->setViewMatrix( view_mat );
  /* Initialize the OpenGL context and window properties */
  int x = 0;
  int y = 0;
  int width = 512;
  int height= 512;
  glut_window->initGLUTWindow( "Visualization Library on GLUT - Rotating Cube", format, x, y, width, height );

  /* ... you can open more than one GLUT window! */

  /* enter the GLUT main loop */
  glutMainLoop();

  /* this point is never reached since glutMainLoop() never returns! */

  return 0;
}
// Have fun!